September 3 604 Gregory the Great Bishop of Rome Teacher of the Faith gets a feast day. Feast days were honored in Scotland for a millennium, and were used to date official declarations.

863 – Byzantine victory led by Petronas the Patrician, uncle of Emperor Michael 3^rd the Phrygian, at the Battle of Lalakaon, Lalakaon River, Paphlagonia (20^th century northern Turkey). Against an Arab raid. Michael is a possible ancestor (20^th GGF) of King of England and Scots George 1^st.

1189 Richard de Clare, 4^th Earl of Hertford attends coronations of King Richard I (a.k.a. Richard “the Lionheart”) at Westminster,

Richard the Lionheart King of England from 6 July 1189 until his death. He also ruled as Duke of Normandy, Duke of Aquitaine, Duke of Gascony, Lord of Cyprus, Count of Anjou, Count of Maine, Count of Nantes, and Overlord of Brittany at various times during the same period. Richard was known as Cœur de Lion, and Restored Scotland’s independence to William the Lion, to raise money for the crusade.

1419 [Robert Stewart, 1^st Duke of Albany (from 1398 1^st ducal rank in Scotland) (ODNBxviii1224,1226,1232) (1340-1420) Regent, Lord of Menteith, Earl of Fife and Menteith (from 1371), High Chamberlain (1382-1407] dies at Stirling, 80 years old. Ruled 34 years. (TG 18-257) Tytler’s Britannica. Previous to his death, ‘On the death of Henry IV, Albany negotiated with Henry V, to free [Albany’s] son Murdoch Stewart, in exchange for the young earl of Northumberland, son of Hotspur. James 1^st , Stewart, King and nephew of Albany, stayed a captive of the English.

Menteith is the western half of Perth, between Callander and Dunblane. Fife is the Shire on the coast of the North Sea.

1420 – Robert Stewart, Duke of Albany, regent of Scotland (b. c. 1340) died.

Seal of Robert Stewart, Duke of Albany. The shield is squared on the top and straight side 4/5^ths of the chest length and rounded to a point on the end.

Seal of Isle of Man 5 sovereign Gold 553 years later. The shield is round, chest size.

1571 Earl of Lennox, Regent of Scotland from July 12, 1570, murdered. Earl of Mar appointed Regent but he died in October 1572.

1598 John Lindsay of Balcarres, Lord Menmuir, second son of David Lindsay, 9^th Earl of Crawford, by his wife Catherine Campbell, daughter of Sir John Campbell of Lorn, died. Six months earlier 4 March 1597, (the year 1597 ended on March 24^th and 1598 began March 25^th) Menmuir was appointed ambassador to France. It was John’s intention during the visit to Paris to undergo an operation for kidney stone, but bad health prevented him from making the journey, and in February 1597 he resigned the office of secretary of state. John suffered dreadfully for the 6 months until he died.

Besides the pain from the Kidney stone, the patient has extreme nausea, unable to eat and keep food down, so the patient wastes away, starving to death. Kidney stone attack was one of the maladies and symptoms identified by the ancients.

By John’s first wife, Marion, daughter of Alexander Guthrie, town clerk of Edinburgh, and widow of David Borthwick of Lokhill, lord advocate, John had two sons—John, lord Menmuir, who died unmarried in January 1601, and David Lindsay, 1^st Lord Balcarres—and three daughters: Catherine, married first to Sir John Lindsay of Woodhead, and secondly to John Brown of Fordel; Margaret, to Sir John Strachan of Thornton; and Janet, to Sir David Auchmutie of Auchmutie.

By John Lindsay’s second wife, Jane, relict (widow) of Sir James Forrester of Corstorphine, and John Campbell of Calder (Cawdor), he had no issue. Cawdor Castle, close to Inverness in the Scottish Highlands, began as a sprawling family residence. A ghost donning a blue velvet dress is one of the most famous reportedly seen throughout the castle and grounds. She is said to be Muriel Calder, an heiress who was kidnapped from the home at a young age to be married off to the son of a family friend. The second ghost that has reportedly appeared to visitors is the very first Lord of Cawdor, John Campbell. www.destination360.com/europe/uk/haunted-scotland-castles

1650 – Battle of Dunbar, Scotland. English Parliamentarian forces led by Oliver Cromwell defeat a Scott’s army loyal to King Charles II of England and led by David Leslie, Lord Newark. Third English Civil War.

“Cromwell at Dunbar”, by Andrew Carrick Gow – Part of Scotland in the Wars of the Three Kingdoms

Oliver Cromwell invades Scotland – 1650. The arrival of Charles II prompts Cromwell’s forces to invade Scotland. Defeat at Dunbar sees Scotland conquered and incorporated into Cromwell’s Protectorate state. Thousands of Scots are transported as slaves to the colonies. Video: A history of Scotland: God’s Chosen People.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/scotland/history/covenanters/cromwell_invades_scotland/

The Battle of Dunbar is marked on this map with the crossed swords on the coast of the Firth of Forth in the East March

1651 Battle of Worcester, England. Cromwell defeats Charles II, and the Scots army. The result is 10,000 Scots sent as slaves to plantations (Carolinas, Barbados, Virginia, Massachusetts arrived February 1652). TG 46-103. Clan Boswell, a Lowland Scottish clan.

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The Royalist army was under the command of Major General Montgomery who was wounded in the action. Sir John Boswell. The latter married Janet, daughter of Sir James Scott of Balweary, and had seven sons and six daughters. Robert Boswell, his 5^th son, a major of horse in the service of King Charles the 1^st, was killed at the battle of Worcester in 1651.

Oliver Cromwell in the Battle of Worcester. Tytler’s Britannica. The Duke of Hamilton was mortally wounded. King Charles (1^st) was compelled to save himself by flight. After cutting off his hair, to disguise his person, he worked in the habit of a peasant making faggots in a wood. [Charles] next attempted to retire into Wales, under the conduct of one Pendril, a poor farmer, who was [his supporter, but] every pass was guarded to prevent his escape. Being compelled to return, he met one Careless, who had escaped the carnage at Worcester, the king was obliged to climb a spreading oak, among the branches of which they lay concealed during the day, while the soldiers of the enemy [Cromwell] were heard to pursuit them below.

1658 Death of the Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Oliver Cromwell, age 60, always wore secret armour under his ordinary dress, never stirred abroad unless surrounded with guards, never returned by the [TG48-147] same road, nor slept above thrice in the same apartment, from the dread of assassination.

1715 celebrated hunting in Braemar, which, as the old bard says of that of Chevy Chace, might, from its consequences, be wept by a generation which was yet unborn, to raise forces and return. [TG66-254]

1719 The Solemnization of the Marriage of James III and Maria Clementina Sobieska www.nationalgalleries.org

artist Agostino Masucci 1735. The Polish princess Maria Clementina Sobieska was chosen to be the bride of Prince James Francis Edward Stuart, the ‘Old Pretender’, who lived in gloomy exile in Rome. Jacobites everywhere rejoiced at the birth of their son, Charles, in 1720, but Clementina had a fierce temper and soon she and her much older husband were quarrelling constantly. Within months of the birth of their second child, Henry, she left James and took refuge in a convent.

1745 – Highland army reached Perth, where it was the Duke of Perth, with two hundred men, whom he had collected while in hiding, in consequence of the warrant which was out for the purpose of arresting him, and the celebrated Lord George Murray, fifth brother of the Marquis of Tullibardine, already mentioned. Both these noblemen were created lieutenant-generals in the Prince’s service. [TG76-106]

The map shows Perth on the River Tay, and the general location of the Murray clan, showing support support for Montrose in 1649. James Graham, 1^st Marques of Montrose (25 October 1612 – 21 May 1650) ‘the Great Montrose.’

JAMES GRAHAM, MARQUIS OF MONTROSE. The Spell of Scotland by Keith Clark, 1916 to the Lord Marischall, Boston The Page Company. P. 108.

1752 did not occur in Scotland, England, Ireland or British America. The English civil year started on 25 March until 1752 (Scotland having changed to 1 January in 1600). Eleven days did not occur in September 1752 in both England and Scotland, as well as other British controlled territories – America, (when the day after 2 September was 14 September), so as to bring the British Empire fully in line with the Gregorian calendar.

1760 – James Wilson, born. Scottish Founding father, Continental Congressman, Supreme Court Justice (d. 1820). 

1780 Yorktown River, Virginia. Wikipedia.  

1783 – American War of Independence: the war ends with the signing of the Treaty of Paris by the United States and the Kingdom of Great Britain. At Yorktown, a letter was sent from Lieutenant Colonel Duncan MacPherson, commander of the [Fraser’s Highlanders] 71^st Regiment. It was written in the first days of September and presumably sent to Lord Cornwallis. The letter painted a picture of the enthusiasm of the regiment. It also refers to “these Highlanders,” and thereby possibly the 76^th as well as the 71^st. The letter begins by announcing that his Regiment heard of the arrival of the French Fleet two days before and then states: “nothing but hard labor goes on here at present in constructing and making Batteries towards the River, and Redoubts towards the Land. The troops are in perfect health and if our Enemies are polite enough to give us three days’ grace (we will be ready).”

The letter refers to the arrival of the French Fleet to blockade the Chesapeake. While the British assumed a British fleet from New York would drive off the French, it did not. While he could not know, Lord Cornwallis sea-lanes of communications were permanently cut and the situation at Yorktown would only deteriorate from that point until the surrender.

Key defences were commanded and defended by the 71^st Regiment. Major James Campbell and 45 men defended Redoubt 10 and Lieutenant Colonel Duncan MacPherson and 120 men, part of them Hessians, defended Redoubt 9.

1837 On 29 January 1889, Copeland became Astronomer Royal for Scotland was the title of the director of the Royal Observatory, Edinburgh until 1995. Ralph Copeland born (3 September 1837 – 27 October 1905) was the third Astronomer Royal for Scotland. Copeland then worked at the Dun Echt Observatory owned by the 26th Earl of Crawford. Copeland discovered thirty-five NGC objects, most of them with Lord Rosse’s 72″ reflector. Planetary nebulae were found by visual spectroscopy at Dun Echt and during an Andes expedition. Seven of the galaxies in the constellation Leo form the famous “Copeland Septet”.

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1852 After traveling four thousand miles, “Our company arrived in the Valley September 3, 1852, and were met by Ballos Brass Band, at Echo Canyon. We were the first company of Saints to have been brought by the Perpetual Emigration Fund, which had been organized by President Brigham Young. We received great honors. . . .” (Autobiography of Hannah Brower Thompson, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints’ Archives, 14). CONVEYANCE & CONTRIBUTION: MORMON SCOTS GATHER TO AN AMERICAN ZION, History Scotland magazine – Vol.5.4 – July/August 2005

1861 – American Civil War: Confederate General Leonidas Polk invades neutral Kentucky, prompting the state legislature to ask for Union assistance.

Penicillin. 1926 Sir Alexander Fleming, Lochfield Ayrshire, returned to his laboratory having spent August on holiday with his family. Before leaving, he had stacked all his cultures of staphylococci on a bench in a corner of his laboratory.  PEOn returning, Fleming noticed that one culture was contaminated with a fungus, and that the colonies of staphylococci that had immediately surrounded it had been destroyed, whereas other colonies farther away were normal. Fleming showed the contaminated culture to his former assistant Merlin Price, who reminded him, “That’s how you discovered lysozyme.” Fleming grew the mould in a pure culture and found that it produced a substance that killed a number of disease-causing bacteria. Alexander Fleming Moldova  Penicillin 9.50L. above

33 Cent USA Antibiotics Save Lives. 1990 Left.

Alexander Fleminig 1881-1955,  Penicillin

1935 – Sir Malcolm Campbell reaches a speed of 304.331 miles per hour on the Bonneville Salt Flats in Utah, becoming the first person to drive an automobile over 300 mph.

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1937 Bulldog Drummond Comes Back. Released. Real action drama full of fun and thrills.

1939 – World War II: France, the United Kingdom, New Zealand and Australia forming the Allies, declare war on the Third Reich and Germany three days after the invasion of Poland.

The map shows the beginning of World War Two in September 1939.

1976 – Viking program: The American Viking 2 spacecraft lands at Utopia Planitia on Mars.

1996 Quack Pack is an animated television series made by The Walt Disney Company, featuring Donald Duck and his nephews.

Quack Pack. (fictional clan McDuck)

2005. New Orleans. Hurricane Katrina. I thought I’d mention a minor role that I played in recent US history, as we approach the 11th anniversary of Hurricane Katrina; 28th August. Serving as the Commander of the Eighth Coast Guard District, headquartered in New Orleans, I led the US Coast Guard’s response to the worst hurricane in US history (by several measurements). We were credited with saving and evacuating 33,544 people, in 5 days. The only organization praised for their actions in that disaster. More complete info is listed on the Clan Duncan UK website, here:

http://clan-duncan.co.uk/admiral-robert-duncan.html

Thanks for the great work, R F Duncan, Rear Admiral United States Coast Guard (ret.)

Rear Admiral Robert F. Duncan.

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