September 14 335 Holy Cross Day feast day. According to legends of Western Europe, the True Cross was discovered in 326 by Saint Helena, the mother of the Roman Emperor Constantine the Great, during a pilgrimage she made to Jerusalem. The Church of the Holy Sepulchre was then built at the site of the discovery, by order of Helena and Constantine. The cross itself was brought outside the church on September 14, as they supposed. Constantine was born in Britain.

Coin of Flavia Iulia Helena, mother of Constantine I. Æ Follis (19mm, 3.45 gm). Treveri (Trier) mint. Struck 325–326 A.D.  Constantine `the Great’ of ROME, aka Flavius Valerius Aurelius Constantinus; EMPEROR of ROMAN EMPIRE; Saint; eponym of CONSTANTINOPLE, etc.  Born:  abt. 268    Died:  337. HM George I’s 40-Great Grandfather.

1402 Battle of Hamildon Hill, Battle of Humbleton Hill , Northumberland England (1402) George Earl of March Henry Percy ‘Hotspur’ son of Earl of Northumberland against [Archibald 4th] Earl of Douglas, Sir John Swinton, Lord of Gordon, (TG 17-249, 250) Murdoch Stewart, Duke of Albany captured. While returning to Scotland, they were intercepted by English forces led by Henry Percy, 1st Earl of Northumberland.

  • The result was a decisive defeat of the Scottish army. William Shakespeare later wrote, in the play Henry IV, part 1: (Wikipedia)

Ten thousand bold Scots, two and twenty knights, Balk’d in their own blood did Sir Walter see

On Holmedon’s plains. Of prisoners, Hotspur took

Mordake the Earl of Fife, and eldest son, To beaten Douglas; and the Earl of Athol,

Of Murray, Angus, and Menteith: And is not this an honourable spoil?

A gallant prize? ha, cousin, is it not? —Shakespeare, Henry IV, part 1, act 1, scene 1.

Murdoch Stewart (described above as “Mordake the Earl of Fife”) would be a prisoner in England for the next twelve years.

See Anderson v.2/p. 43. The Stewart families of Avondale descend from Sir Walter Stewart (died 1425), younger son of Murdoch Stewart, 2nd Duke of Albany, son of Robert Stewart, 1st Duke of Albany, younger son of King Robert II of Scotland. Sir Walter (died 1425) had several children who were later legitimized. One son, Andrew Stewart, was created Lord Avandale (or Avondale) in 1459 and served as Lord Chancellor of Scotland from 1460 to 1482. Another son, Walter Stewart, became feudal Baron of Morphie and was legitimized in 1479. Walter’s (Baron Morphie) grandson Andrew Stewart was created Lord Avondale circa 1499, a revival of the title which had become extinct on his great-uncle’s (Lord Chancellor) death in 1488. Lord Avondale (of 1499) was one of the many Scottish peers killed at the Battle of Flodden in 1513. Andrew Lord Avondale was succeeded by his elder son, the second Lord, who exchanged his lordship with Sir James Hamilton for the lordship of Ochiltrie and by Act of Parliament in 1542 was ordained to be styled Lord Stuart of Ochiltrie.

A detail from Armstrong’s Map of Northumberland (1769) showing Humbleton (Homildon) Hill.

  • Armstrong 17th 2Warren2Mehew2Luther2Choate zoe

Sir Adam de Gordon, Scottish Captain, killed in action. Gordon left two daughters, one of whom died early; the other, Elizabeth de Gordon, married Alexander, son of William Seton of Seton, Edinburgh. On 28 July 1408 Robert Stewart, Duke of Albany, regent of the kingdom, granted a charter confirming to Alexander Seton and Elizabeth Gordon, heiress of Gordon, the barony of Gordon and Huntly, Berwickshire, with other lands which had formerly belonged to Gordon there and in Aberdeenshire. From this couple descended the earls of Huntly, the dukes of Gordon, the dukes of Sutherland, and other noble families.

Sir John Swinton, 14th of that Ilk, Scottish Captain, killed in action. Sir John Swinton, 15th of that Ilk was his son and Princess Margaret, daughter of Robert, Duke of Albany who served as Regent. (See Clan Swinton)

During the Hundred Years’ War] he was a doughty warrior who fought and led the Clan Swinton at the Battle of Baugé against the English in France in 1421, where the French-Scottish forces were victorious. Although the credit for this is claimed by others, he is said to have been the knight who slew the Duke of Clarence, brother of King Henry V of England. The incident appears in Sir Walter Scott’s poem, ‘The Lay of the Last Minstrel’:

“And Swinton laid the lance in rest,
That amed of yore the sparkling crest
Of Clarence’s Plantagenet”.

Archibald Douglas, 4th Earl of Douglas, Murdoch Stewart, Earl of Fife; Thomas Dunbar, 5th Earl of Moray, George Douglas, 1st Earl of Angus; Henry Sinclair, 2nd Earl of Orkney

Tytler’s History of Scotland from Britannica. ‘A quarrel with the king of England, respecting the disposal (ransom) of the prisoners taken in the engagement, led to the celebrated conspiracy of the Percies against Henry IV, which lead to the battle of Shrewsbury and the defeat and death of Hotspur.’

1496 Scottish host assembled near Edinburgh and James IV and Warbeck offered prayers at Holyrood Abbey.

1507 Edinburgh merchant granted exclusive privilege by King James IV of running a printing press.   YYMA 36 In 1507, James IV issued a patent to Walter Chepman and Androw Myllar, burgesses of Edinburgh, licensing them ‘to furnis and bring heme ane prent, with all stuff belong and tharto, and expert men to use samyne, for imprenting within our Realme of the bukis of our Lawis, actis of parliament, croniclis, mess bukis, and portuus efter the use of our Realme, with eddicions and legendis of Scottis sanctis, now gederit to be akit tharto, and al utheris bukis that salbe sene necessar, and to sel the sammyn for competent pricis.’ Chepman (fl. 1494-1526) possessed a tavern and a booth on the north side of the High Street; he was buried in St. Giles. Global spread of the printing press

1580 Birth of Robert Gordon of Straloch, Aberdeen, cartographer.

1645 sometime in September. Pestilence. The baillies of Aberdeen in September 1645 for William Scott, a wright and burgess and his servants William Robertson and Margaret Duguid. It testified that they came from a place free of plague and asked any burgh or parish they arrived at to let them pass without trouble or hindrance, as long as they themselves behaved properly.  ‘Repent, repent ye, Hear the words of that God who made you, by the voice of pestilence.’ Jesus Christ in Doctrine and Covenants section 43.

A watch was also set night and day at all the southern entrances to Aberdeen, staffed by local people on a rota basis. This system failed due to laziness on the part of some members of the rota who just did not turn up for their stint. As a result at least one carrier brought the plague later that month before a more efficiently organised watch was set up and staffed by paid personnel, so this improvement was too late. The infection came with a woman from Brechin who had slipped past the slipshod cordon. A child at the house where she lodged in Aberdeen caught it from her and so it passed to the child’s schoolmates. It then spread widely through the burgh and became the worst outbreak of disease they had ever experienced, not fading away until December. The poorer citizens afflicted were taken to isolation huts on the Links – grassed-over sand-dunes, and buried there when they died. The wealthier infected citizens seem to have been allowed to remain isolated at home, and those favoured ones who died – 65 of them – were allowed burial in the churchyard. Householders were advised to wash and cleanse their goods, and then expose them to the frosty air, as this was considered to be a means of killing the infection. Plague! By Gordon. Brechin (Scottish Gaelic: Breichinn) is a former royal burgh in Angus, Scotland. Traditionally Brechin is often described as a city because of its cathedral and its status as the seat of a pre-Reformation Roman Catholic diocese (which continues today as an episcopal seat of the Scottish Episcopal Church), but that status has not been officially recognised in the modern era

Aberdeen on the North Sea, where the plague began.

1694 Thomas Savage, 3rd Earl Rivers; born Cheshire, England, 1628 first son of John Savage, 2nd Earl Rivers by his wife Catherine, daughter of William Parker, 13th Baron Morley. His father was closely involved in the English Civil War on the Royalist side from 1641. Consequently he lost his castles at Halton and Rocksavage and their contents were confiscated. About 1647, he married firstly Elizabeth, natural daughter of Emanuel Scrope, 1st Earl of Sunderland by his mistress Martha Jeanes. Their children included: Thomas, who married Charlotte, daughter of Charles Stanley, 8th Earl of Derby; Richard, who succeeded as 4th Earl Rivers; About 1684, he married secondly Arabella, daughter of Robert Bertie, 3rd Earl of Lindsey.

Charles Stanley, 8th Earl of Derby (19 January 1628 – 21 December 1672),

Sunderland Scotland. Charles William Alcock born here in 1842. A renowned footballer and cricketer, Alcock was Secretary of the Football Association for 25 years, working to establish the ‘one universal game’. In 1870, he organised and played in the first ever international match, England vs Scotland; and in 1871, he created the world’s first national football tournament, The FA Cup.

1715 Duke of Argyle, commander-in-chief in Scotland, who came to Stirling [TG67-275].

1742 James Wilson, born at Carskerdo, near Cupar (signer 1776 American Declaration of Independence from the state of Pennsylvania) Wilson attended three Scottish Universities including St Andrews, but did not earn a degree from any of them. Carrying important letters of introduction, Wilson arrived in the American colonies in 1765.

Cupar is in Fife, near the center and bottom of the map.

1812 Moscow. Bonaparte reached the Russian capital, deserted, and in flames. Tytler’s Britannica.

1745 September 14. Marched by Stirling, where they were entertained by the Provost, but fired at by the garrison of the castle (I. 209) and St. Ninians; halted at Bannockburn,

where the Prince dined with Sir Hugh Paterson, and went on to Falkirk. The Prince spent the evening at Callander House (Earl of Kilmarnock’s), O and the troops encamped in Callander Parks (J.M.B.). At night Lord George Murray (M.K. 33), with Lochiel, Keppoch, Glengarry and Ardshiel, started for Linlithgow to attack the dragoons in their camp, but found they had previously retreated 6 (A.C. 15, L.G.M. 36). An interesting fact is mentioned by Murray alone, that the Prince after supper, and a pretended retirement to bed, with great secrecy headed a force of 500 men to take the dragoons in flank. He marched to the Ford o f Avon, which close

Muiravonside, the home of his. A.D.C. MacLeod; there he learned the dragoons had retreated. A tradition preserved in the district, that he visited Muiravonside House, is the only corroboration of Murray’s story. Publications OF THE SCOTISH HISTORY SOCIETY VOLUME XXIII April 1897 SUPPLEMENT LYON IN MOURNING PRINCE CHARLES EDWARD STUART ITINERARY AND MAP. Ed.W. B. BLAIKIE, from Narrative of Lord MacLeod, son of the Earl of Cromarty. p. 28-29 in the Peerage of Scotland in 1703 for Sir George Mackenzie, 2nd Baronet, George Mackenzie, 1st Earl of Cromartie (1630–1714), John Mackenzie, 2nd Earl of Cromartie (c.1656–1731) had son George Mackenzie, 3rd Earl of Cromartie (c.1703–1766) (forfeit in 1746) He married Isabel Gordon, daughter of Sir William Gordon of Invergordon, on 23 September 1724 .    Map Stirling, Linlithgow, Falkirk

1814 – Battle of Baltimore, – Alexander Forrester Inglis Cochrane, during the War of 1812, Cochrane, then a vice admiral, served as Commander-in-Chief of the North American Station.

Sir Alexander Forrester Inglis Cochrane

On the morning of September 14, the 30 × 42 ft (9.1 × 13 m) oversized American flag, which had been made a few months before by local flagmaker Mary Pickersgill and her 13-year-old daughter, was raised over Fort McHenry (replacing the tattered storm flag which had flown during battle).

Flag that flew over Fort McHenry in 1814, photographed in 1873 in the Boston Navy Yard by George Henry Preble. Brooke had been instructed not to attack the American positions around Baltimore unless he was certain they could be taken. Seeing that Cochrane had failed to subdue the fort and that he was heavily outnumbered by the American regulars and militia, Brooke withdrew from his positions, and returned to the fleet which would set sail for New Orleans. An American lawyer, Francis Scott Key, was on a mercy mission for the release of Dr. William Beanes, a prisoner of the British. The British agreed to release Beanes, but Key and Beanes were forced to stay with the British until the attack on Baltimore was over. Key watched the proceedings from a truce ship in the Patapsco River.

15-star, 15-stripe.   On the morning of the 14th , Key saw the American flag waving above Fort McHenry. Inspired, he began jotting down verses on the back of a letter he was carrying. Key composed the words to the tune of an old British drinking song, “To Anacreon in Heaven”. When Key reached Baltimore, his poem was printed on pamphlets by the Baltimore American. His poem was originally called “Defense of Ft. McHenry”. The song eventually became known as “The Star-Spangled Banner”. The US Navy band played it for the medal ceremonies at the 1896 Athens Olympics, and started a tradition of playing the song at the modern Olympics. A phrase from the song, ‘In God We Trust’ was added to the American coins. Congress made the song the national anthem in 1931. The McHenry flag remained in the possession of Major Armistead, its owner, who was promoted to brevet lieutenant colonel, for some time. Today, [2011] the flag is permanently housed in the National Museum of American History, one of the Smithsonian museums on the National Mall in Washington, D.C.

 John Bull and the Baltimoreans (1814) by William Charles, a cartoon praising the stiff resistance in Baltimore.

1840 Joseph Smith, Sr. died. (July 12, 1771 – September 14, 1840) was the father of Joseph Smith, Jr.

Grave of Joseph Sr. and Lucy Mack Smith

 

 

1901 September 14 William McKinley (Scots) (January 29, 1843 – September 14, 1901) 25th President, 1897-1901: Born in Ohio, the descendant of a farmer from Conagher, near Ballymoney, County Antrim, he was proud of his ancestry and addressed one of the national Scotch-Irish congresses held in the late 19th century. He was murdered 6 months into his second term as president.

1940 No Time for Comedy is a 1940 comedy-drama film.

Poster. James Maitland “Jimmy” Stewart 1908-1997. Major General United States Air Force, American actor, Scottish descent.

 

2014 “No Thanks” badges, wrist bands and stickers are offered to supporters as Member of Parliament and Shadow Secretary of State for International Development, Jim Murphy, speaks in support of the Union on the final day of his 100 Streets in 100 Days Better Together tour, in Sauchiehall Street, Glasgow, Scotland, Saturday Sept. 13, 2014.

LONDON — How do you divorce after a 300-year union? It’s complicated, and there is a deadline.

If Scots vote yes to separation on Thursday, a clock starts ticking down to March 24, 2016 — the independence day declared by the Scottish government.

The British and Scottish administrations have agreed that they will recognize the outcome of the referendum and appoint negotiators to work out the details of separation “in the best interests of the people of Scotland and of the rest of the United Kingdom.” DIVIDING THE ASSETS

The Yes and No campaigns have very different assessments of Scotland’s financial picture, including its share of Britain’s national debt and North Sea oil reserves.

The pro-independence Scottish government says Scotland would be entitled to 90 percent of Britain’s oil wealth — based on divvying up the two countries’ waters — but only liable for about 8 percent of its 1.3 trillion pound ($2.1 trillion) national debt, based on its share of the U.K. population.

The British government disputes this, pointing out that Scotland has higher per capita public-sector spending than England and so is more indebted.

NATO and Nuclear weapons

Opponents say re-admission cannot be guaranteed. NATO, in particular, may be perturbed by Salmond’s promise to remove nuclear weapons from Scottish territory.

That’s not so much a problem for Scotland — nuclear weapons are not a membership requirement — as for Britain, whose entire nuclear arsenal is based aboard submarines at the Faslane naval base in western Scotland.

Adm. Mark Stanhope, a former head of the Royal Navy, has said that moving the weapons “would add a dangerous period of destabilization in our nuclear defense posture at a time when the international picture is clearly deteriorating.”

The Royal United Services Institute, a military think-tank, estimates that moving the weapons could cost several billion pounds (dollars) and take until 2028. In the shorter term, Salmond may seek to use the base as a bargaining chip in negotiations with Britain.

Business

Another unknown is whether businesses will pull out of Scotland. Financial institutions including the Royal Bank of Scotland and insurance giant Standard Life have announced plans to transfer some operations south of the border to ensure they remain part of British tax and currency systems.

Passports

Scots will be getting different passports if they opt for independence, even if they don’t need them to cross the border. The Scottish government says all British citizens living in Scotland will automatically be considered Scottish citizens, as will Scotland-born Britons who live elsewhere. They will be able to apply for Scottish passports from independence day in 2016, and would be allowed to retain dual Scottish and British nationality. Umbrage if Scotland became liberal in immigration.

Flag

Scotland will likely adopt the Saltire, a blue-and-white flag that already flies alongside the Union Jack over government buildings in Edinburgh.

Queen Elizabeth 2nd will remain head of state of Scotland, Canada, Australia, and other former British colonies.

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