March 21st Vernal Equinox Scots Book of Days

MARCH 21 Vernal Equinox Daylight and night time twelve hours all over the earth, both poles and equator.

1654 Atlas_Van_der_Hagen-KW1049B11_038 SCOTIA_REGNUM cum_insulis adjacentibus. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Atlas_Van_der_Hagen-KW1049B11_038-SCOTIA_REGNUM_cum_insulis_adjacentibus.jpeg

In 1654 Joan Blaeu (1598-1673) published an atlas of Scotland in cooperation with the Scottish Government, the Scottish pastor Timothy Pont (c. 1560- c. 1614), Scottish cartographer Robert Gordon of Straloch (1580-1661).

Tytler’s History of Scotland from Encyclopedia Britannica. CHRONOLOGY OF THE PERIOD.

A.D. 453. Rome sacked by the Vandals. Took some time, but it was a symptom of the retreat from Britain, and away from Hadrian’s wall(s).

AD 470 AElia, the Saxon, takes possession the kingdom of Sussex.

AD 476 Rome taken by Odoaoer; Extinction of the Western Empire.

AD 481 Clovis. King of the Franks.

AD 547 Ida, the Saxon, subdues the country from the Humber (Britain) to the Forth (later styled Scotiae). The Saxon

AD 585 Kingdom Of the Saxon Heptarchy established, some before, others about, this period. The Saxon royal line will marry into the Scots line, then back into the Norman line, then English, then back to the Scots, and back and forth.

AD 590 Gregory the Great, Bishop of Rome.

AD 596 Augustine the monk preaches Christianity to the British Saxons.

AD 627 Era of the Hegira, or flight of Mohammed from Mecca to Medina. Rise of Islam and decline of Christianity in Africa.

AD 632 Abubeker succeeds Mohammed as caliph of the Saracens.

AD 633 Omar, caliph of the Saracens.

AD 636. Jerusalem taken by the Saracens.

AD 672 Bede the ‘Venerable’ historian, starts his chronology which continues 500 years.

AD 685 The Britons, totally subdued by the Saxons, retreat into Wales, Cornwall, and Scotland.

AD 700·713. Conquest of Hispania (Spain) by the Saracens. Invasion aross the Strait between Europe and Africa, which is renamed Gibraltar from Pillars of Hercules.

AD 768 Charlemagne King of France. (27th generation ancestor of Andrew Stewart 2^nd Lord Ochiltree)

AD 785 Haroun Alraachid caliph of the Saracens.

AD 799 Charlemagne crowned Emperor of the West. (23 generations ancestor of James 2^nd King of Scots)

AD 814 Louis I. (le Debonnaire) Emperor of the West and King of France.

AD 827 Egbert unites the kingdom of the (Angles and ) Saxon Heptarchy, Beginning of the kingdom of Angleterre (England).

AD 828. Ethelwolf King of England. [Reord and ancestry presumably obtained from Bede’s Anglo Saxon Chronicals].

AD 900 Constantine II becomes King of Alba – . Constantine’s coronation establishes a new practice that all future kings will follow as he is coronated on the Stone of Destiny. This new act signifies the dominance of Gaelic customs in the kingdom of Alba. Video: A history of Scotland: The Last of the Free.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/scotland/history/early_scotland/constantine_ii_becomes_king_of_alba/

AD 915 Áed Findliath who died on 21 March 915, in 15^th year of reign of Constantine II (Còiseam mac Aoidh)

1421 Archibald Douglas’s 4^th Earl, son the Earl of Wigtoun had been fighting in France with his son-in-law Buchan, where they were able to inflict a heavy defeat over the English at the Battle of Baugé. Archibald Douglas, 5^th Earl of Douglas,

1421 Battle of Baugé on 21 March 1421 , John Stewart, Earl of Buchan (c. 1381 – 17 August 1424) led 5000 Scots with the combined Franco-Scottish army at the Battle of Baugé on 21 March 1421, where he comprehensively defeated the English forces, proving that the English could at last be beaten. The first major setback suffered by the English armies during the Hundred Years War since the reign of Richard II. Buchan had been appointed by the (French) Dauphin to defend Anjou against the Duke of Clarence, brother of King Henry V. Clarence was among the first to fall, wounded by Sir John Swinton and dispatched by Buchan’s battle axe. On hearing of the Franco-Scottish victory, Pope Martin V remarked that “the Scots are well-known as an antidote to the English.”

The Antidote

Battle of Bauge, 21 March 1421, where Stewart won a great victory over the English.

‘Clarence’s army mustered at Bernay in March 1421. His target was Angers, on the Loire. Clarence is said to have believed that the Franco-Scottish army was somewhere in this vicinity. His army moved fast, crossing the River Huisne at Pont-de-Gennes, just to the east of Le Mans, and then turning to the south west, crossing the Loir at Luché (between La Flèche and Le Lude). When Clarence reached Angers the town was too strongly defended for him to besiege, and so he retreated east to Beaufort-en-Vallée, to the east of the town. At the same time the Scottish force was moving west from Tours, and would soon be in place to the north of the English, blocking the direct route back to Normandy, no retreat and no resupply.

The Battle

On the night before the battle the two armies were only eight miles apart. During Good Friday (21 March) the Franco-Scottish army had reached Le Lude, on the Loir, eleven miles to the north east of Baugé. They had then moved on to Baugé, before finally moving about one mile further to the south west to the small village of Vieil Baugé. At this point Clarence was based at Beaufort en Valleé, eight miles further to the south west. The two armies were also separated by the River Couasnon, which runs south west from Baugé, passing to the east of Vieil Baugé but to the west of Beaufort. The only available bridge across the river was at Baugé.’

1459 Patrick Lyon, died, 1^st Lord Glamis (1402 – 21 March 1459) P.C. was a Scottish nobleman, created Lord Glamis on 28 June 1445. He was son of John Lyon, 1st Master of Glamis, and Elizabeth Graham, daughter of Sir Patrick Graham of Dundaff and Kincardine, and of Euphemia Stewart, Countess of Strathearn. Patrick was hostage in England for King James I from 1424 until 9 November 1427 when he was exchanged for another hostage. Patrick was one of the Lords Auditors (1450–1451) and Master of the King’s Household (1450–1452) to King James II, Ambassador to England (1451) and again (1455), Keeper of the Castles of Kildrummy, Kindrocht and Balveny (1456–1459).

Glamis is set in the broad and fertile lowland valley of Strathmore, near Forfar, county town of Angus, which lies between the Sidlaw Hills to the south and the Grampian Mountains to the north, approximately 20 kilometres (12 mi) inland from the North Sea.

Glamis Castle. The Spell of Scotland by Keith Clark, 1916 to the Lord Marischall, Boston The Page Company.

1556 Thomas Cranmer, died. Archbishop of Canterbury, Reformation Martyr, is burned at the stake in Oxford. The Act of Uniformity 1552 which authorized the book’s use specified that it was to be exclusively used from 1 November. However, the final version was not officially published until nearly the last minute due to the intervention of Dudley. While traveling in the north of the country, Cranmer met the Scots reformer, John Knox (ancestor of Reese Witherspoon), then based in Newcastle. Impressed by Knox preaching, Dudley selected him to be a royal chaplain and brought him south to participate in the reform projects. In a sermon before the king, Knox attacked the practice of kneeling during communion.

The 1549 Book of Common Prayer

1599 never happened in Scotland. Dating its years from the birth of Jesus Christ, so that ‘’ every nation, kindred, every ear shall hear, every knee shall bow, and every tongue shall confess, Jesus Christ is Lord,’’ thru computer software applications and aviation, the Christian calendar has been adopted world wide for the Musselmen of Islam, the Buddhist, Confucian, Hindu, nativist, Jew, agnostic, or atheist (Isaiah 45:23, 1 Kings 19:18, Philippians 2:11, Romans 14:11, confirmed in modern times Mosiah 16:1, 27:31, Doctrine and Covenants 76:110, 88:104.)

An 1883 map of the world divided into colors representing “Christians, Buddhists, Hindoos, Mohammedans, Fetichists”. November went from the 9^th month in 1598 to the 11^th month in 1600.

1646 Battle of Stow-on-the-Wold the last pitched battle of the First Civil War is a victory for the New Model Army.

1729 – John Law, died, Scottish economist (b. 1671).

1734 – Robert Wodrow, died, Scottish historian (b. 1679). The History of the Sufferings of the Church of Scotland. A. M. STARKEY relates tyranny and prelatical persecution endured by Scottish. Presbyterians under Charles II and James II.1

1751 did not occur in England, Ireland, British North America, and British colonies, as 1751 only had 282 days due to the Calendar Act of 1750. But 1751 did occur in Scotland, as 1751 had 365 days. The world’s oldest lunar “calendar” is in an Aberdeenshire field.

1803 m2. (21.03.1803) Amelia Constance Gertrude Etienette (daughter of Baron de Clugny, Governor of Guadaloupe) married Andrew James Cochrane, later Cochrane-Johnstone, Governor of Dominica (b 24.05.1767, Colonel).

Cochrane Motto: VIRTUTE ET LABOUR. [“By valour and Chief: Iain Alex Douglas Blair Cochrane, 15^th Earl of Dundonald, 6^th Marquess of Maranhão Seat: Lochnell Castle, Argyllshire

Crest: A horse passant Argent.

1859 March 24 opening to the public of the National Gallery of Scotland. In 1889 William Hole paints frieze of Heroes of Scotland.

Heroes of Scotland

Sir Roderick Impey Murchison, geologist; Sir David Brewster, natural philosopher; Sir Charles Lyell, geologist; Sir Colin Campbell, Lord Clyde, Field-Marshal;

Campbell Earl of Argyll 1010 2Montgomery2Blair 2Cochrane2Miller 2Simmons2Choate to Zoë TOAG

James Andrew Ramsay, 10^th Earl and 1^st Marquess of Dalhousie, Governor General of India; Thomas Babington, Lord Macaulay, historian and statesman; Professor Sir William Hamilton, metaphysician; Henry Peter Brougham, 1st Baron Brougham and Vaux, statesman; Rev Thomas Chalmers, social reformer; Sir David Wilkie, painter; Rev John Thomson of Duddingston, landscape painter; Thomas Cochrane, 10^th Earl of Dundonald, Admiral; Robert Stevenson, lighthouse engineer; Professor Dugald Stewart, philosopher; Henry Dundas, 1^st Viscount Melville, statesman; Thomas Campbell, poet and critic.

Campbell Earl of Argyll 1010 2Montgomery2Blair 2Cochrane2Miller 2Simmons2Choate to Zoë TOAG

1871 – Journalist Henry Morton Stanley begins his trek to find the missionary and explorer David Livingstone. (clan Livingstone).

Burial site of Mary Moffat Livingstone in Chupanga, Mozambique. Wikipedia.

1944, Douglas DC-3 design, a reproduction of a modern-type transport plane in flight, was  used on a set of seven stamps in a uniform series to replace similar  denominations in use, which had been issued at various intervals since 1926.

1944 DC-3 featured such advances as all-metal stressed-skin construction, a radial engine, internally braced wings, retractable landing gear, and the controllable-pitch propeller.

1960 James David “Jim” Matheson (born March 21, 1960) is an American politician who served as a United States Representative from Utah from 2001 to 2015. His father, Scott M. Matheson, served as governor of Utah from 1977 to 1985, and his brother, Scott Matheson, Jr., was the 2004 Democratic nominee for Governor. Matheson is a member of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints with Scots ancestry.

1964 USS Cochrane (DDG-21), commissioned. Named for Vice Admiral Edward L. Cochrane, USN, was a Charles F. Adams-class guided missile armed destroyer.