June 3 – AD  368 Caledonians invade northern Roman Briton. Sometime in 368. Theodosius arms and drives them north. Tytler’s History of Scotland and Britannica 3. Postage stamp – Discovered by Captain James Cook in 1774, the island mountains reminded Cook of his native Scotland, so the name New Caledonia.

1064 sometime in.

Bayeaux tapestry. Count Guy takes Harold Captive.

 

1548 Henry Stewart, 1st Lord Methven Master of Artillery during siege of Haddington, wrote to Mary of Guise again on 3 June 1548 with more strategic advice. The English got control and came again in April, 1548, the third invasion in four years, sent by Henry VIII’s ‘regent’ Protector Somerset, in a last vain attempt to force the Scots into handing over the seven-year-old child Queen, Mary, Queen of Scots, to be betrothed to his young Prince Edward.  Map with Haddington twenty miles east of Edinburgh, Leith, Linlithgow, Firth of Forth, Perth, Dunbar, DunseLaw (1641-1892)

Instead Mary, Queen of Scots, was sent to France to marry the Dauphin. Lord Grey of Wilton seized the town and threw up a 20 foot high quadrangular earthen and turf wall around it, with ditch, and cannon and marksmen. Lord Grey left 2,000 English foot and 500 horse soldiers in the town, plus companies of Albanian and Italian mercenaries and later a company of Spanish troops as defense. Henry II of France, sent 6,000 troops, plus a regiment of German mercenaries and a company of Italians. The Scots had 8,000 men, including Highlanders and Orkney, as the attacking army. Lasting 18 months, it became the longest recorded siege in British history. About this time, June 1548, after 3 months the English relieved the town, to restock the starving defenders who were eating horses, dogs, cats, and anything with meat. Then the siege continued another 15 months, until the English sent an army to relieve the town and destroy the fort.

Methven said that he had friends all over Scotland and had been diligent in acquiring intelligence of the motives of those Scots who favored the English. Methven found four principal motives; religion, fear, regard for a belief in prophecy, and the ignorant conceit that English justice and rule might be better. Methven advised Mary of Guise that there were so many dissidents that the unity of Scotland would be best served by offering an act of remission, a general pardon, rather than punishment, as Guise’ husband James V had done for rebels during his minority, (on 10 December 1540). Methven thought the defeat at Pinkie, (which he called the jeornay of Penke), was due to these causes, and the unorderly haste of the Scottish army. Methven and Margaret Tudor’s son, the Master of Methven (also spelled Meffen in Bishop Lindsey’s history) and half brother to James V, was killed at Pinkie in combat. Lord Methven added that he heard it was already widely known in Perth by the end of May that the Scottish artillery at the siege of Broughty Castle would be moved to the Siege of Haddington. Lord Methven was the widower of Margaret Tudor, Dowager Queen. Art by Kim Traynor. A goat and vine appear in the coat-of arms granted to the Royal Burgh of Haddington in 1296. According to C J Burnett, Dingwall Puirsuivant, the symbols may represent prosperity, as “there is no need for the goat to eat grass when a succulent vine is available”. licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 unported.

  • Clan William’s son Robert was made constable of the King’s Castle Douglas. William also led Clan Sempill at the Battle of Pinkie Cleugh in 1547 where he was captured by the English.

1642 The great meeting on Heworth Moor outside York, summoned by Charles 1st to garner support for his cause.  Sir Anthony Van Dyck: Charles I April 1634

1646 Robert Blair, (1593–1666) was a Scottish Nonconformist divine. His father was a merchant-adventurer, John Blair of Windyedge, a younger brother of the family of Blair of that ilk; his mother was Beatrix Muir (of the house of Rowallan), who lived for nearly a century. In 1646 he was elected Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland (3 June). Later, on the death of Alexander Henderson, he was appointed chaplain-in-ordinary to the king, supported by the revenues of the Chapel Royal. The commission of the general assembly, in 1648, named him one of those for ‘endeavouring to get Cromwell to establish a uniformity of religion in England.’ Map of 1900 Perth showing Blair Athol in the northern part of the Shire.

1649 – few English cavalry, retreating hastily, and in disorder, from a still smaller number of Scots, seemed to show that the invaders had not their hearts engaged in the combat. (TG41-362)

1659 – David Gregory, born, Scottish astronomer (d. 1708).

1664 – Robert Miller of St. Quivox (II) was baptized on 3 June 1664, when his father was in exile. 75 YYMA He went to Glasgow University; when after some years he decided to enter the ministry, he must have been living within the Presbytery of Paisley, since that body records his meticulous course of preparation. Map St Quivox in Ayrshire, with roads.

1665 – James Stuart, Duke of York (later King James II of England) defeats the Dutch fleet off the coast of Lowestoft.

1726– James Hutton, Scottish geologist ( 3 June 1726[1] – 26 March 1797)

Hutton friends were Adam Smith – the father of modern economics – and Joseph Black – the great chemist, discoverer of magnesium, carbon dioxide and the principles of latent heat and specific heat. He also became great friends with James Watt whose improvements to the steam engine triggered the industrial revolution. This was the era of the Scottish Enlightenment. The meetings became known as the Oyster Club. Soon several other intellectuals such as David Hume

1781 On June 3, Tarleton left Cornwallis’s camp on the North Anna River with 180 cavalrymen and 70 mounted infantry of the Royal Welsh Fusiliers. Tarleton marched his force covertly and planned to cover the last 70 miles to Charlottesville in 24 hours, an incredibly fast maneuver designed to catch the politicians completely unaware. Charles Cochrane (b 12.01.1749, d 18.10.1781, Major) 2nd in command. Jouett, twenty-seven years old, lay asleep on the lawn of the Cuckoo Tavern (although an account by Thomas Jefferson says Jouett was at his father’s house) in Louisa County, Virginia on the night of June 3, 1781. During the night June 3, Jouett heard the sound of approaching cavalry and spotted the “White Coats,” the British cavalry led by Colonel Tarleton. Jouett correctly suspected that the cavalry was marching to Charlottesville to capture Virginia’s government.  Jouett knew that the legislature was completely undefended. Very little fighting had taken place on Virginia soil from 1776 to 1780, so most of Virginia’s forces were deployed elsewhere. The British had only recently begun significant campaigns in Virginia, so few forces were in the state except a small group led by the Marquis de Lafayette, who was far from Charlottesville. With no possibility of defense, the only hope for Jefferson and the legislators was advanced warning and escape. Jouett quickly mounted his horse and, at about 10 P.M., began the 40 mile ride from Louisa to Charlottesville.  With the British cavalry on the main highway, Jouett had to take the rough backwoods trails, lit by a full moon, and still ride fast enough to beat the British.  “Lieutenant-Colonel Banastre Tarleton” by Sir Joshua Reynolds

 

1926 June 3. Howard W. Hunter,(clan Hunter) graduated from Boise High School, becomes 14th President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints. The Hunters are from Paisley Renfrewshire Scotland. President Howard W. Hunter: The Lord’s “Good and Faithful Servant” Ensign Apr 1995.

1940 If the German offensive came at that moment, Dowding told the British War Cabinet June 3, Dowding could not guarantee air superiority for more than 48 hours. Fighter Command, organized in 1936, was regarded by almost everyone, including the Air Ministry, as secondary in importance to Bomber Command. From its beginning, Fighter Command was led by Air Chief Marshal Hugh Dowding, an outstanding but eccentric officer known as “Stuffy” for his cold personality. He was stubborn and aloof, and he had no ability to charm his fellow air marshals or the politicians. Some young airmen saw him as too old, lacking in spirit, and too long away from active flying.   Of greater consequence, “Dowding was perhaps the one man of consequence in the United Kingdom—perhaps in the entire world—who did not believe that the bomber would ‘always get through,’ ” said historian Michael Korda.

Bentley Priory as Headquarters Fighter Command during the battle of Britain. Bentley Priory was once a Priory, home to a cell of Augustinian Friars. It is believed that the Priory was founded in 1170 by Ranulf de Glanville, who became Chief Justiciary of England. During the dissolution of the monasteries in the 1500s, Bentley Priory ceased to be a priory and the land changed hands on numerous occasions, including brief ownership by King Henry VIII. In 1788, Bentley Priory was sold to John James Hamilton, the 9th Earl of Abercorn, who became the 1st Marquess of Abercorn in 1789. The Marquess of Abercorn was one of few to hold peerage titles in England, Scotland and Ireland. Visitors included Sir Walter Scott.

Dowager Queen Adelaide, the aunt of Queen Victoria, lived at Bentley Priory during the last year of her life, 1848-1849. The estate was sold in 1882 to Frederick Gordon, of Gordon Hotels, who converted Bentley Priory into a hotel. In 1908, the hotel was sold and Bentley Priory became a Girl’s School. The Air Ministry bought Bentley Priory in 1926.

http://bentleypriorymuseum.org.uk/about-bentley-priory/history-of-bentley-priory/

 

1940 Monday. Washington District of Columbia United States. McAlester Oklahoma. Fort Dix New Jersey. Georgia. Alabama. Texas. Fort Douglas Utah. ‘Their Finest Hour, The Fall of France, Back to France.’ Generations of Government gun control and gun bans had disarmed the homefronts of Poles, and disarmed the homefronts of neutral Belgians and Dutch, and disarmed the homefronts of French, Scots, and English. Relying, as their governments promised and they falsely supposed on their police and armies. All were to pay very dearly for such short sightedness, under rape, riot, and ruin. Terrible and crushing evils would be unleashed on a defenseless, helpless and self unarmed populace. The shock of Nazi blitzkrieg devastated Poland, Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg, and France. Next up was Great Britain. Churchill (clan Montgomery) wrote –

  • ‘In forty eight hours the answers were given, and on June 3 [General George C] Marshall approved the lists. The first list comprised half a million .30 caliber rifles out of two million manufactured in 1917 and 1918 and stored in grease for more than twenty years. For these there were about 250 cartridges apiece. There were 900 soixante-quinze field guns with a million rounds, 80,000 machine guns, and various other items.’ The Chief of Ordnance, Major-General Wesson, was told to handle the matter, and immediately on June 3 all the American Army depots and arsenals started packing the material for shipment.’

Backstory, the British evacuation of Dunkirk (May June 1940) and other evacuations from Brest, Cherbourg, St. Malo, and St. Nazaire, left all their guns and equipment on the beaches of France. The United States sold a half million rifles and more to restock and rearm Scotland and England against a threatened Nazi invasion upcoming in the Battle of Britain (June to November 1940).

 

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