June 13 1249 Coronation of Alexander III as King of Scots.

www.historic-uk.com/HistoryUK/ HistoryofScotland. Alexander III. The son of Alexander II, he married Henry III’s daughter Margaret in 1251. Following the Battle of Largs against King Haakon of Norway in Oct. 1263, Alexander secured the western Highlands and Islands for the Scottish Crown. After the deaths of his sons, Alexander gained acceptance that his granddaughter Margaret should succeed him. He fell and was killed whilst riding along the cliffs of Kinghorn in Fife.

1390 Robert II Stewart King Scots Dies.

1496 The Education Act 1496 was an act of the Parliament of Scotland (1496 c. 87) that ordered the schooling of those who would administer the legal system at the local level. This made schooling compulsory for the first time in Scotland. the first country since Sparta in classical Greece to implement a system of general public education.  Portrait of John Major, In Petri Hyspani Summulas Commentaria, Lyons 1505, Librarian Glasgow University Library/

The intent was to improve the administration of justice nationwide and to make the legal system more responsive at the local level. All barons and substantial freeholders shall put their eldest sons and heirs into school from the age of 8 or 9. These shall remain in grammar schools under competent instruction until they have perfect Latin (which meant full literacy in English and French).  They shall next spend 3 years at the schools of art and law.  The purpose of this education is: that they have knowledge and understanding of the laws, for the benefit of justice throughout the realm.  That those who become sheriffs or judges will have the knowledge to do justice. to eliminate the need of the poor to seek redress from the king’s principal auditors for each small injury. Anyone who fails to do so without a lawful excuse shall pay the king the sum of £20 Scots. Parliament at Edinburgh, passed on 13 June 1496 in the reign of James IV, and in the nineteenth century it remained in effect as one of the principal Statutes for the management of schools under Scots law. As a result, a printing press was brought from mainland Europe by Androw Myllar (Andrew Miller) in 1503, the first Scottish printer.  Carving of a 17^th century classroom with a dominie and his ten scholars from George Heriot’s School, Edinburgh. Wikipedia.

1566 Patrick, 3^rd lord Ruthven died at Newcastle. One of 24 Lords of the Congregation from 1559. RUTHVEN, WILLIAM, 4^th Lord Ruthven and first Earl of Gowrie (1541?–1584), 2^nd son of Patrick, 3^rd lord Ruthven [q. v.], by Janet Douglas, natural daughter of Archibald, 6^th earl of Angus, succeeded. Janet Douglas was also aunt to Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley, King consort from 1565 to 1567 to Mary Queen of Scots. Henry was the son of Margaret Douglas, daughter of 6^th Earl of Angus and Margaret Tudor, dowager Queen of Scots. Thus Margaret and Janet were half sisters.

Patrick Ruthven, 3^rd Lord Ruthven was the son of William Ruthven, 2^nd Lord Ruthven and Janet Halyburton, Lady Dirletoun. Patrick married, secondly, Lady Janet Stewart, daughter of John Stewart, 2^nd Earl of Atholl and Lady Janet Campbell. Patrick married, firstly, Janet Douglas, daughter of Archibald Douglas, 6^th Earl of Angus. He died on 13 May 1566, in exile.

Patrick succeeded to the title of 7^th Lord Dirletoun. Patrick succeeded to the title of 3rd Lord Ruthven [S., 1488] before 29 October 1552. Patrick was invested as a Privy Counselor (P.C.) [Scotland] in 1553. Patrick held the office of Provost of Perth, the office of Hereditary Sheriff of Perthshire, the office of Lord Warden of the Middle March in March 1558. In 1560 he promoted the Reformation. In 1566 Patrick was the leader in the assassination of Rizzio, when Patrick rose from his sick-bed clad in black armour to lead his fellow conspirators up the secret stair to Mary Queen of Scots’ apartments at Holyrood. Afterwards, deserted by the King Consort, Lord Darnley, Patrick fled to England.

Patrick was brother in law to David Drummond, 2^nd Lord Drummond.

• Drummond of Cargill Stubhall Perth 8^th c 2Hamilton2Stewart 2miller2Simmons 2Choate zoe

Patrick’s sister Catherine was wife to Sir Colin Campbell of Glenorchy.

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Patrick, David and Colin were all Lords of Congregation.

Children of Patrick Ruthven, 3^rd Lord Ruthven and Janet Douglas

Jean Ruthven d. Sep 1591 married Andrew Leslie, 5^th Earl of Rothes Lord of the Congregation.

Patrick Ruthven, Master of Ruthven d. b 12 Apr 1561

Archibald Ruthven, Master of Ruthven d. Feb 1578

Isabel Ruthven

William Ruthven, 1^st Earl of Gowrie b. c 1543, d. 2 May 1584

George Ruthven b. a 1544, d. 1571

Citations Charles Mosley, editor, Burke’s Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage, 107th edition, 3 volumes (Wilmington, Delaware, U.S.A.: Burke’s Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd, 2003), volume 1, page 690. Hereinafter cited as Burke’s Peerage and Baronetage, 107^th edition.

Charles Mosley, Burke’s Peerage and Baronetage,

William, 4^TH Lord Ruthven, through an agreement of Bothwell and the queen with the protestant lords, was pardoned and permitted to return to Scotland, which he did about the end of December (Cal. State Papers, For. Ser. 1566–8, No. 872). William Ruthven married Dorothea Stewart. She was a daughter of Master of Meffen (Methven), grand daughter of Henry Stewart, 1^st Lord Methven and Margaret Stewart (nee Tudor, Douglas) William and Dorothea were parents of ten daughters and four sons: Jean Ruthven who married James Ogilvy, 6^th Lord Ogilvy of Airlie who were the parents of James Ogilvy, 1^st Earl of Airlie.

Margaret Ruthven who married John Graham, 4^th Earl of Montrose. They were the parents of James Graham, 1^st Marquess of Montrose.

Mary Ruthven who married first John Stewart, 5^th Earl of Atholl of the Eighth Creation, secondly John Stewart, 1^st Earl of Atholl of the Ninth Creation and thirdly James Stewart. Sophia Ruthven who married Ludovic Stewart, 2^nd Duke of Lennox. Lilian Ruthven to Sir John Gordon of Lochinvar; Dorothea Ruthven to Sir John Wemyss of Pittencrieff; Elizabeth Ruthven to John, lord Graham, afterwards fourth earl of Montrose; Beatrix Ruthven, Barbara Ruthven, lady of the bedchamber to Queen Anne of Denmark, who retained her position notwithstanding the forfeiture of the family, and order to change her name, and in September 1603 obtained from the king a pension of 200l., on the ground that, notwithstanding ‘the abominable attempt of her family against the king, she had shown no malicious designs’ (Cal. State Papers, Dom. Ser. 1603–10, p. 43) Barbara married Sir John Hume of Coldingknowes; Isabel Ruthven who married Sir Robert Gordon of Lochinvar. James Ruthven, 2^nd   Earl of Gowrie.

John Ruthven, 3^rd Earl of Gowrie Patrick Ruthven, Alexander Ruthven

William Ruthven, born in 1582, William Ruffin (ca.1617-1674) could be linked to William Ruthven(14). William Ruthven(14) fled to Europe to escape from King James I (James VI of Scotland). William Ruffin of Virginia, having been born no sooner than 1603, could be a grandson or great grandson of the son of Earl of Gowrie.

KING JAMES VI (of Scotland); I (of England) born. (1566–1625) James’ father, Lord Darnley, was murdered, and his mother, Mary Stuart, Queen of Scots, was beheaded. James became King of Scotland as an infant and was brought up Scottish Protestant by Scottish nobles, but adhered to the English Episcopal style as King of England. In JAMES reign a fine new English translation of the Bible was made, still called the “The King James Bible.”

How the King James Bible shaped the English language. Quatercentenary. guardian.co.uk United the crowns of England and Scotland but to heal religious division and give the word of God to the common people once and for all in the vernacular, without bloodshed or uproar.

1592 Robert Crichton of Cluny and Andrew Ramsay are put to the horn for not appearing personally before the king with Marion Crichton (Robert’s sister). Tytler’s Life of James Crichton of Cluney, Admirable Crichton.

1625 Charles I married Henrietta Maria of France St Augustine’s Church, Canterbury, England.

Henrietta Maria (c. 1633) by Sir Anthony van Dyck

1648 -13 June to 28 August Siege of Colchester.

1689 Castle at Edinburgh, held in the name of James 7^th of Scots, and 2^nd of England, by Duke of Gordon, surrendered. Tytler’s Britannica.

1769 A catalogue of the copies and shares of copies of the late Mr. Andrew Millar; : whih will be sold by auction, to a select number of booksellers of London and Westminster, at the Queen’s-Arms Tavern, in St. Paul’s Church-Yard, on Tuesday the 13^th of June, 1769. Dinner to be on the table at two o’clock precisely. Conditions of sale. I. Three months credit will be given to the purchasers of twenty-five pounds; two three months for fifty pounds; three three months for seventy-five pounds; four three months for one hundred pounds; six three months for one hundred and fifty pounds; and eight three months for two hundred pounds and upwards. II. Half a guinea earnest to be paid for each lot of copies. III. The purchaser of any copy that is printing, or preparing for the press, is to pay what money may have been advanced on such share, as also the paper, print, and incidents, over and above what the said share sells for at the sale. N.B. The notes to be dated from the thirteenth of July next. Those marked * are out of print, or reprinting. (A. Millar clans Stewart, Lockhart, Hunter).   An Account of Sir Isaac Newton Philofophical Difcoveries, etc. London Printed for A. Millar, at Buchanan’s Head over against Catharine-street in the Strand. M.DCC.L.

1786 – Winfield Scott, born, U.S. general (d. 1866)

1831 James Clerk Maxwell of Glenlair born, FRS FRSE (13 June 1831 – 5 November 1879) was a Scottish physicist and mathematician in electromagnetic theory. He united previously unrelated observations, experiments and equations of electricity, magnetism and optics into a consistent theory. Maxwell’ demonstrated these as the electromagnetic field. Maxwell had the “second great unification in physics”, after the first one realized by Isaac Newton. In 1865 Maxwell published A Dynamical Theory of the Electromagnetic Field. the Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution, which is a statistical means of describing aspects of the kinetic theory of gases. (clan Maxwell)

Maxwell      Crest: A stag Proper, attired Argent, couchant before a Holly bush proper. Motto: REVIRESCO.[“I grow strong again”]. Maxwell at the Royal Society of Edinburgh.

1940: As a staff physicist for the Department of Terrestrial Magnetism of the Carnegie Institution (founded by Scot entrepreneur) in Washington, D.C., James Alfred Van Allen (1914-2006) worked on developing photoelectric and radio Proximity fuses for bombs, rockets, and gun-fired projectiles.   See Pioneer 10.

1943 Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets time line. The Scottish Arts Council awarded their first ever Children’s Book Award to the novel in 1999.  The Author J.K.Rowling is Scots, and sets the fictional primary locations in Scotland.

1944 13th – Escorting a follow-up convoy to the beaches, destroyer “BOADICEA” was sunk in the English Channel off Portland Bill by torpedo bombers. Air War – On the 13^th the first V-1 flying bomb landed on London at the start of a three-month campaign against southeast England. Amongst the weapons shortly used against them was Britain’s first jet fighter, the Gloster Meteor. www.naval-history

1983 – Pioneer 10 becomes the first man-made object to leave the central Solar System when it passes beyond the orbit of Neptune (the furthest planet from the Sun at the time). Credit: Mike Brown/Caltech. A shot of faraway Neptune in infrared light, captured using the adaptive optics system at Hawaii’s Keck Observatory. Presumably Neptune could be in Scotland.

The Outer Space Panel chaired by American space scientist James A. Van Allen, worked out the scientific rationale for exploring the outer planets.

Pioneer 10 in the final stages of construction.

2018 Singapore. Summit between the United States President Trump and leader of North Korea. In Singapore it is tomorrow, when it is today in Utah.

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