June 12 – 918 Death of Queen Æthelflæd of Mercia on 12 June 918 at Tamworth. Alfredsdohtor, daughter of Alfred the Great, King Anglo Sxons. Mormaer is first mentioned in the Battle of Corbridge (918) between Ragnall ua Ímair and Constantín mac Áeda, King of Scotland. Constantine mac Áed (Constantine II), the grandson of Kenneth MacAlpin, began his life as an exile. In 878 AD his father, Áed, had been slain by a Giric, son of Dungal, and Constantine, a young boy at the time, fled to Ireland where he was brought up by monks surrounded in Gaelic culture. Constantine II, King of Alba 900 – 943.   The Anglo Saxons are ancestors of the Scots and English Royal houses.  Alfred the Great, 1969, portrays war in the 9th century. Alfred defeats the Vikings, who later lend their name to a football team.

1152 Henry of Scotland, 3rd Earl of Huntingdon died. By Lady Ada, daughter of earl of Warrene and Surrey, prince Henry married her in 1139 and had sons Malcolm and William, Kings of Scots, and David Earl of Huntington. Anderson v. 2 / p. 24. 138 years later these descendants would compete for the throne of Scotland.

1153 Malcolm IV crowned at Scone.

www.historic-uk.com/HistoryUK/ HistoryofScotland. 1153: Malcolm IV (Mael Coluim IV). Son of Henry of Northumbria. His grandfather David I persuaded the Scottish Chiefs to recognise Malcolm as his heir to the throne, and aged 12 he became king. Recognising ‘that the King of England had a better argument by reason of his much greater power’, Malcolm surrendered Cumbria and Northumbria to Henry II. He died unmarried and with reputation for chastity, hence his nickname ‘the Maiden’.

1298 Action at Earnside. Last action known to be fought by William Wallace. Wars of Scottish Independence in September 1304. First War of Scottish Independence. The Wallace Monument commemorates William Wallace, the 13th-century Scottish hero.

1314 Torwood. King Robert Bruce mustered the clans for battle with 40,000 men, and 500 cavalry, to oppose the English with 80 times the cavalry. Torwood castle. www.undiscoveredscotland.co.uk/ denny/torwoodcastle/index.html

1452 Peerage of Scotland as a Lord of Parliament with the title Lord Borthwick. Sir William Borthwick, 1st Lord Borthwick (born after 1411 – died ca. 1458). Nisbet, Alexander, “A System of Heraldry” &c., Edinburgh,

Borthwick Midlothian 1303 2Hepburn2Montgomerie2Blair 2Cochrane2Miller2Simmons2Choate to zoe TOAG. Borthwick

1538 James V King of Scots married by proxy, on 12 June 1538, Mary of Guise, daughter of Claude, Duke of Guise and widow of Louis of Orleans, Duke of Longueville. Mary already had two sons from her first marriage, and the union produced two sons. However, both died in April 1541, just eight days after baby Robert was baptized. Their daughter and James’s only surviving legitimate child, Mary, was born in 1542 at Linlithgow Palace.

James V and Mary of Guise, anonymous artist, c.1542

James V mother was Margaret Tudor, father James IV of Scotland Stewart.

1648 Battle of Mauchline Muir engagement fought on 12 June 1648 between two rival factions of the Covenanters of Scotland. On one side were those who favored the Engagement, known as Engagers, and those who were opposed to the Engagement, and known as the Kirk party.

1722, facsimile edition 1984, vol.ii, chapter XI, p.177, where Nisbet states “there appears no patent in the records constituting this peerage”. However in the same volume, Appendix, p.104-5 Nesbit gives a genealogy of this family and says the title was granted “in the beginning of the reign of King James II” (i.e: after 1437). Nesbitt Crest: A boar passant Sable, armed Argent and langued Gules. Motto: I BYD IT. Chief: Mark Nesbitt of that Ilk

1742 David Steuart Erskine, 11th Earl of Buchan (12 June 1742 – 19 April 1829), styled Lord Cardross between 1747 and 1767, was a notable Scottish eccentric. Erskine was the second but eldest surviving son of Henry Erskine, 10th Earl of Buchan, by Agnes, daughter of Sir James Steuart, 7th Baronet. He was the brother of Henry Erskine and Lord Erskine. He studied at St. Andrews University and Edinburgh University. in 1780 he succeeded in founding the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. His correspondents included Horace Walpole, and he produced an Essay on the Lives of Fletcher of Saltoun and the Poet Thomson (1792) and other writings. He died at his residence at Dryburgh (near Dryburgh Abbey, in the Scottish Borders) in April 1829, leaving no legitimate children, and the earldom passed to his nephew Henry.  MARY’S AISLE AND TOMB OF SIR WALTER SCOTT, DRYBURGH ABBEY. The Spell of Scotland by Keith Clark, 1916 to the Lord Marischall, Boston The Page Company. P.

1778 Philip Livingston died (January 15, 1716 – June 12, 1778) was an American merchant and statesman from New York City. He was a delegate for New York to the Continental Congress from 1775 to 1778, and signed the Declaration of Independence. He was born in Albany, New York, to Philip (1686–1749), 2nd Lord of the Manor. Philip attended and graduated from Yale College in 1737. Livingston was a Presbyterian, a Mason, and an original promoter of King’s College, which became Columbia University. Philip Livingston “I was also present [August 22, 23, 1877] in the St. George Temple and witnessed the appearance of the Spirits *** And also others,*** .Who came to Wilford Woodruff and demanded that their baptism and endowments be done. Wilford Woodruff was baptized for all of them. *** . They also prepared the peoples hearts so they would be ready to receive the restored gospel when the Lord sent it again to men on the earth.” (Personal journal of James Godson Bleak-Chief Recorder of the St. George Temple, Clerk to Brigham Young).

1781 Sir Harry Munro, 7th Baronet (c. 1720 – 12 June 1781) was 25th Baron and the 28th chief of the Clan Munro. He was a Scottish soldier and politician. He was loyal to the Hanoverian dynasty and served as a Captain in Loudon’s Highlanders Regiment 1745-48. Sir Harry Munro, London Highlander Society 1779.

1807 Lord Melville acquitted for conduct as Treasurer of the Navy. Tytler’s Britannica.

1815 Bonaparte set out from Paris. Tytler’s Britannica.

1843 David Gill (astronomer) Sir David FRS (12 June 1843 – 24 January 1914) was a Scottish astronomer who is known for measuring astronomical distances.

1864 – American Civil War, Overland Campaign: Battle of Cold Harbor  May 31 – June 12, 1864– Ulysses S. Grant (Grant clan) gives the Confederate forces under Robert E. Lee a victory when Granat pulls his Union troops from their positions at Cold Harbor, Virginia and moves south. Battle of Cold Harbor by Kurz and Allison, 1888.

1903 Alexander McDowell McCook, died, Major General, 1852 (30) 1831- June 12, 1903. First Battle of Bull Run Virginia, Battle of Shiloh, Battle of Perryville Kentucky, Army of the Cumberland. Battle of Stones River, Chickamauga, “Defenses of the Potomac River and Washington”, Battle of Fort Stevens, Wikipedia.

1903 Jeanette MacDonald born (June 18, 1903 – January 14, 1965) actress and singer. Scots descent.

1924 George H. W. Bush ( (born June 12, 1924) 41st President 1989-93: His great-great-great grandmother, Catherine Walker (nee McLelland), was Scottish. Following the attacks on Pearl Harbor in 1941, at the age of 18, Bush postponed going to college and became the youngest aviator in the US Navy at the time. He served until the end of the war, then attended Yale University.

1940 Wednesday 12th. Raritan New Jersey. ‘Their Finest Hour, The Fall of France, Back to France.’ Generations of Government gun control and gun bans had disarmed the homefronts of Poles, and disarmed the homefronts of neutral Belgians and Dutch, and disarmed the homefronts of French, Scots, and English. Relying, as their governments promised and they falsely supposed on their police and armies. All were to pay very dearly for such short sightedness, under rape, riot, and ruin. Terrible and crushing evils would be unleashed on a defenseless, helpless and self unarmed populace. The shock of Nazi blitzkrieg devastated Poland, Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg, and France. Next up was Great Britain. Churchill (clan Montgomery) wrote –

  • By these extraordinary measures the United States left themselves with the equipment for only 1,800,000 men, the minimum figure stipulated by the American Army Mobilisation Plan. All of this reads easily now [1949] but at that time it was a supreme act of faith and leadership for the United States to deprive themselves of this very considerable mass of arms for the sake of a country which many deemed already beaten.

Backstory, the British evacuation of Dunkirk (May June 1940) and other evacuations from Brest, Cherbourg, St. Malo, and St. Nazaire, left all their guns and equipment on the beaches of France. The United States sold a half million rifles and more to restock and rearm Scotland and England against a threatened Nazi invasion upcoming in the Battle of Britain (June to November 1940).

1944 In spite of the vast number of warships lying off the Normandy beaches, escorting the follow-up convoys and patrolling the Western Approaches, losses were comparatively few. British ships and attacking U-boats lost close to English shores included: 12th – battleship “Warspite”, the ship that ended the war with the greatest number of Royal Navy battle honours, had left her gunfire support duties off the Normandy beaches to be fitted with replacement gun barrels. On passage to Rosyth, Scotland she was damaged by a mine of Harwich and was out of action until August. www.naval-history

1981 Indiana Jones and the Raiders of the Lost Ark) released and became the year’s top-grossing film. Poster. Fictional Jock Lindsey (Fred Sorenson) is an American freelance pilot. Jock cut his fictional teeth as a stunt pilot performing in Midwest air shows and relocated to real Venezuela after a rumored flight-related tragedy. He frequently was hired by fictional Jones to fly the archaeologist to remote parts of the world. (clan Lindsey).

Fictional Dr. Henry Walton “Indiana” Jones, Jr. (Harrison Ford), the titular character of the franchise, is an archaeologist and college professor (life rank Boy Scout) who leads a double life as a globe-trotting fortune hunter seeking out rare antiquities. Public surveys have voted Indiana Jones as the best known archeologist!   Indie is a Scot, because his fictional father Professor Jones Senior is a Scot (Sean Connery).

1987 – Cold War At the Brandenburg Gate U.S. President Ronald Wilson Reagan publicly challenges Mikhail Gorbachev to ‘tear down this Wall.’ Reagan Descent from John Wilson (1812 Paisley, Renfrewshire, Scotland) Daniel Donald Blue (1787 Argyll, Scotland) Catherine MacFarlane (married 1818 Kilcalmonell, Argylll, Scotland). Ronald Reagan speaks at the Berlin Wall’s Brandenburg Gate, Germany.

2008 Boumediene v. Bush, President, Odah v United States. 128 S. Ct. 2229, 553 US 723, 171 L. Ed. 2d 41 – Supreme Court 2008. Decision issued. Terrorist attacks *** occurred on September 11, 2001, [The World Trade towers and Pentagon E Wing, C Corridor and 4 commercial passenger aircraft were destroyed with the murder of nearly 3,000 lives, ruining the thousands of families who lives were lost. In the wars following,] Many with Scots ancestry. These [Asian and African continent] Aliens were captured and designated as enemy combatants and detained at the United States Naval Station at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. Under the Authorization for Use of Military Force (AUMF), § 2(a), 115 Stat. 224, note following 50 U.S.C. § 1541 (2000 ed., Supp. V), the President is authorized “to use all necessary and appropriate force against those nations, organizations, or persons he determines planned, authorized, committed, or aided the terrorist attacks that occurred on September 11, 2001, or harbored such organizations or persons, in order to prevent any future acts of international terrorism against the United States by such nations, organizations or persons.” Some enemy were apprehended on the battlefield in Afghanistan, others in places as far away from there as Bosnia and Gambia.

The Government’s attorney [presumably the Solicitor General] argued, in turn, that Guantanamo is more closely analogous to Scotland and Hanover, territories that were not part of England but nonetheless controlled by the English monarch (in his separate capacities as King of Scotland and Elector of Hanover). See Cowle, 2 Burr., at 856, 97 Eng. Rep., at 600. Lord Mansfield can be cited for the proposition that, at the time of the founding, English courts lacked the “power” to issue the writ to Scotland and Hanover, territories Lord Mansfield referred to as “foreign.” Ibid. But what matters for our purposes is why common-law courts lacked this power. 2250 *2250 Given the English Crown’s delicate and complicated relationships with Scotland and Hanover in the 1700’s, we cannot disregard the possibility that the common-law courts’ refusal to issue the writ to these places was motivated not by formal legal constructs but by what we would think of as prudential concerns. *** And after the Act of Union in 1707, through which the kingdoms of England and Scotland were merged politically, Queen Anne and her successors, in their new capacity as sovereign of Great Britain, ruled the entire island as one kingdom. Accordingly, by the time Lord Mansfield penned his opinion in Cowle in 1759, Scotland was no longer a “foreign” country vis-á-vis England—at least not in the sense in which Cuba is a foreign country vis-á-vis the United States.

     Scotland remained “foreign” in Lord Mansfield’s day in at least one important respect, however. Even after the Act of Union, Scotland (like Hanover) continued to maintain its own laws and court system. See 1 Blackstone *98, *109. Under these circumstances prudential considerations would have weighed heavily when courts sitting in England received habeas petitions from Scotland or the Electorate. *** Lord Mansfield considered issuance of the writ [habeas corpus] outside England. In 1759 the writ did not run to Scotland but did run to Ireland, even though, at that point, Scotland and England had merged under the rule of a single sovereign. But there was at least one major 2251 *2251 difference between Scotland’s and Ireland’s relationship with England during this period that might explain why the writ ran to Ireland but not to Scotland. English law did not generally apply in Scotland (even after the Act of Union) but it did apply in Ireland. Blackstone put it as follows: “[A]s Scotland and England are now one and the same kingdom, and yet differ in their municipal laws; so England and Ireland are, on the other hand, distinct kingdoms, and yet in general agree in their laws.” Id., at *100. This distinction, and not formal notions of sovereignty, may well explain why the writ did not run to Scotland (and Hanover) but would run to Ireland.

2016 Trump won’t win. In fact, the US could be on the brink of a liberal renaissance. With voters set to reject their nominee, Republicans could lose control of Congress, ushering in a progressive era. They practically pale next to his sinister pledge to investigate Amazon because its CEO also owns the Washington Post and Trump has been unhappy with some of that paper’s coverage of him. Trump doesn’t have much campaign money and virtually no campaign infrastructure. More people are reading the Guardian than ever, but far fewer are paying for it. Advertising revenues across the media are falling fast.

The Guardian UK. Trump’s mother was born in Scotland on Skye.

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