July 11 550 Benedict of Nursia, Abbot of Monte Cassino, Father of Western Monasticism, c.550

911 – Signing of the Treaty of Saint Clair-sur-Epte between Charles the Simple and Rollo ‘Robert the Dane’ of Normandy. Rollo’s descendants eventually acquire crowns in England and Scotland (thru out Europe).

1174 Battle of Alnwick. William the Lion made the fatal error of allowing his army to spread out, instead of concentrating them around his base at Alnwick. On the night of 11 July, a party of about four hundred mounted English knights, led by Ranulf de Glanvill, set out from Newcastle and headed towards Alnwick. This small fighting force contained several seasoned knights, who had fought against the Scots before. The English reached Alnwick shortly after dawn the 13th after becoming lost in heavy fog.

www.corbisimages.com Victorian depiction of the capture of William I of Scotland, ‘The Lion,’ by the English. Illustration by James E. Doyle. 1864. Ann Ronan Picture Library.

1205 Sometime this year, fictional Sir Roast McDuck raided William’s (the Lion, King of Scots) kitchen and over ate.

Statue and inscription from 1205. Sir Roast McDuck (fictional clan McDuck)

1274 Robert the Bruce born. Robert b 11 July 1274, married 1) Isabella of Mar, 2) Elizabeth de Burgh, d June 7, 1329. Robert was born Turnberry Castle, Ayrshire son of Robert de Brus, 6^th Lord of Annandale and Marjorie, Countess of Carrick. www.bbc.co.uk/scotland/history/onthisday/july/11

Seven and a half centuries later, Donald Trump opened a golf course in Turnberry. http://www.trumpturnberry.com

1370 Marjory Stewart, the daughter of King Robert II, married John Dunbar, the 1^st Earl of Moray, against her father’s consent. Dunbar died after injuring himself at a tournament in London in 1391, but their son Thomas succeeded the title. www.bbc.co.uk/scotland/history/onthisday/july/11

• Dunbar 975 Earl of Mar 1240 Saxon 2Douglas2 Hamilton 2Stewart2 Miller 2Simmons2 Choate2 zoe Nielsen ToaG

1487 Battle of Aldy Charrish Near Strathoykel, Sutherland. The Clan MacKay and Clan Sutherland defeated the Clan Ross.

1533 – Pope Clement VII excommunicates Henry VIII King of England. 27 years later Queen Elizabeth of England provides military support to the Scottish Lords of the Covenant to switch to a Protestant Scotland.  Portrait by Sebastiano del Piombo, c. 1531. Pope Clement VII. He was also the titular Bishop of Worcester in the county of Worcestershire in England as Administrator or the See of Worcester. During his half-year imprisonment in 1527, Clement VII grew a full beard as a sign of mourning for the sack of Rome. This was a violation of Catholic canon law, which required priests to be clean-shaven; however, it had the precedent of the beard which Pope Julius II had worn for nine months in 1511–12 as a similar sign of mourning for the loss of the papal city of Bologna.

1560 Edinburgh parliament. The weight fell to the party of the Congregation, so the Confession of Faith, and book of Discipline of the reformed church was submitted to parliament. The Book of Discipline committed election of ministers to the people, and before admitted to holy office, the minister should be interviewed (examined) and approved by the ministers and elders, and was then considered an ordained minister without further solemnity. Although the apostles used the imposition of hands, it was intended to impart   miraculous powers, and ‘the miracle having ceased, the using the ceremony was judged henceforth unnecessary.’ [laying on of hands abolished]. Scotland was divided into 10 dioceses, with 10 ministers, as superintendants, whose duty was to inquire after the poor, clergy, and instruction for youth. This began parish schools. Tytler’s Britannica 155.

1685 Duke of Monmouth lands at Lyme in Dorsetshire, joined by more men than he could arm (TG53-273). James Scott was eldest son (but alas, illegitimate) of Charles 2^nd King of Scotland and England.   1^st Duke of Buccleuch, Knight of the Garter, Earl of Dorcaster, Earl of Dalkeith, Baron Scott of Tindale. Monmouth Rebellion, the Revolt of the West, or The West country rebellion.

James Scott. https://www.britannica.com/biography/James-Scott-duke-of-Monmouth

1689 – Prince Orange and Princess Anne called to succession. TG 55-356. a Scottish Convention of Estates declared James (7^th of Scotland) guilty and accepted William and Mary as sovereigns of Scotland also. A proclamation requiring all ministers to pray for the new monarchs on pain of deprivation caused some 182 Episcopal and Jacobite clergy, mostly in the southern lowlands and Fife, to be deprived. YYMA 27.

1698 George Turnbull (11 July 1698 – 1748) was a Scottish philosopher, theologian, teacher, writer on education and a figure in the Scottish Enlightenment. He taught at Marischal College, Aberdeen, worked as a tutor and became an Anglican clergyman. Printer Andrew Millar VI (clans Stewart, Lockhart, Hunter).  A Treatise on Ancient Painting containing Observations on the Rise, Progress and Decline of that Art amongst the Greeks and Romans; The High Opinion which the Great Men of Antiquity had of it, its connecxion with Poetry and Philosophy and the Use that may be made of it in Education etc. Some remarks on the peculiar origin character and Talents of Raphael, Michael Angelo, * and other celebrated Modern Masters, and the commendable life they made of the . London Printed for the Author and sold by A. Millar, in Buchanan’s Head over against St. Clement’s Church in the Strand. MDCCXL.

1776 – Captain James Cook begins his 3^rd voyage (1776-1779). Cook was the 2^nd of eight children of James Cook, a Scottish farm labourer from Ednam near Kelso, Scots borders between Tweed and Teviot rivers, and his locally born wife, Grace Pace, from Thornaby-on-Tees.

James Cook, portrait by Nathaniel Dance-Holland, c. 1775, National Maritime Museum, Greenwich. Cook’s ships, H.M.S. Resolution and Discovery, discover the Sandwich Islands (later Hawaii), named in honor of John Montague, Earl of Sandwich, and culinary extraordinaire, inventor of the Sandwich. Discovery’s name was used on a Space Shuttle two centuries later.

1779 Anne Cochrane (d 07.11.1779) died, married (1725) Sir George Preston, 4^th Bart of Valleyfield (d 1779)

Preston Crest: An angel Proper Motto: PRAESTO UT PRAESTEM
[“I undertake what I may perform”]

1801 The Battle of Algeciras.         Bay of Gibraltar. Mediterranean Sea. Lord Cochrane in the action, continued.

1804 – A duel occurs in which the Vice President of the United States Aaron Burr mortally wounds former Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton. [Hamilton 2Stewart 2Millar 2simmons 2Choate 2Sorensen] 1957 Alexander Hamilton’s 200 birthday January 11^th and Federal Hall.

1804. Hamilton Takes Command. Duel. Not good.

On the morning of July 11, 1804, a shot rang out. Aaron Burr’s bullet struck Alexander Hamilton [clan Hamilton] in the right side, tearing through Hamilton’s liver. Hamilton’s demise leaves ten orphans. www.smithsonianmag.com/people-places/hamilton.html

1830 Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Harmony, Pennsylvania,. (clan Mack of Inverness, Malcolm King of Scots), Doctrine and Covenants 24. Some days in July. And it shall be given thee in the very moment what thou shalt speak and write.

1866 Mary SMITH was born on 11 Jul 1867 in Tong, Stornoway to Donald Smith and Henrietta McSwane. Her father died in a tragic accident when she was just a little over a year old and she and her three siblings were raised by their mother. Mary lived to the ripe old age of 96, dying at home on 27 Malcolm MACLEOD and Mary SMITH were married in the Back Free Church of Scotland just a few miles from Stornoway, the only town on the Isle of Lewis. Dec 1963 following a fracture to her right leg and subsequent pneumonia. Grandparents of Donald John Trump.  http://genealogy.about.com/od/famous_family_trees/p/trump.htm

1962 – Project Apollo: NASA announces Lunar Orbit Rendezvous as the means to land astronauts on the Moon, and return them to Earth. Kennedy’s goal was accomplished with the Apollo 11 mission when astronauts Neil Armstrong (clan Armstrong) (d. 25 August 2012) , and Buzz Aldrin (clans Douglas, Stewart, Campbell, Somerville, Lutterel, Lyon, Graham, Ogilvy, Ramsay, Glen, Munro,) landed their Lunar Module (LM) on the Moon on July 20, 1969.

• Armstrong 17^th 2Warren2Mehew2Luther2Choate zoe

McKinley and Kennedy campaigns.

. amhistory.si.edu/starspangledbanner/the-flag-in-the-sixties.aspx

2013 58th Annual Grandfather Mountain Highland Games & Gathering of Scottish Clans Linville North Carolina

Photo by James Shaffer

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