July 10 138 – Emperor Hadrian (Publius Aelius Traianus Hadrianus Augustus) dies after heart stops at Baiae; he is buried at Rome in the Tomb of Hadrian beside his late wife, Vibia Sabina. Known for building Hadrian’s Wall, (122 – 128 AD) which marked the northern limit of Roman Britain, and designed to keep the Brits out of Scotland. Ha, that’s a joke, it was to keep the Scots out of Britain.

Hadrian’s bust. 14^th Emperor of the Roman Empire.

Portion of 1402 map of Scotland, with Scotland in yellow, England in Pink and the Bishopric of Durham in blue. Hadrian’s wall began at east coast at Newcastle upon River Tyne (Pons Aelius) on the North Sea, running west to Carlisle and the River Eden and up to the Solway firth (Bowness on Solway). As can be observed Hadrian’s wall is entirely in England.

1264 Isabella de Clare died, wife of Robert de Brus, 5^th Lord of Annandale. Daughter of Gilbert de Clare, 4^th Earl of Hertford and 5^th Earl of Gloucester and Lady Isabel Marshal, with issue.

Map of 1295 Scotland with Annandale located between the hills north of Solway Firth, Dumfries on the river Nith Burgh and Carlisle are across the English border. Nithsdale is to the west

1302 Custumards of Stirnilg absent from audit because of plague.

1327 A large English army, under the nominal command of the young king, Edward III (age 15) left York in a campaign that resembles nothing less than

an elephant in pursuit of a hare to catch Good Sir James Douglas.

1349 Black death to scots army 1349 in forest of Selkirk.

1350 plague

1350 Gorbals of Glasgow founded – Leper hospital.

1362 plague

1361 David King of Scots, to Aberdeenshire took Kildrummy Castle from Earl of Mar, prevalence of plague in southern part of kingdom. The South.

1380 & 1392 2 plague years corresponding with great plague in north of England.

1380 Sir John Lyon, Lord of Glamis was unable to hold court as auditor of the exchequer doe to the plague

1392 the customars of Haddington, Peebles, and Dumbarton did not attend ‘chamberlain ayres’ because of pestilence.

1392 to 1589 Lepers in Scotland Kingcase, near Prestwick in Ayrshire, endowed hospital of eight beds.

Leper Hospital at rech abbeys on the Tweed at Aldcambus in Berwickshire, Elgin had a leper house at Rothfan for 7 lepers, a chaplain and servant. Other refuges lepers supported by begging. Leberton Edinburgh means leper-town.

A History of Epidemics in Britain from A.D. 664 to the Extinction of Plague Charles Creighton, M.A. M.D. Demonstrator of Anatomy University of Cambridge. 1891 Leper houses in Scotland     99

10 July 1402 to 18 July 1403, one bailie from Dundee attended the audit at Perth, the others dead in pestilence.

1451          James III Stewart of Scotland born (died 1488). Crowned age 9.

James III (Seumas III Stiùbhairt) & Margaret of Scotland Holyrood Abbey. In the 1470’s James’ younger brother John, Earl of Mar died suspiciously in Edinburgh in 1480 and Mar’s estates were forfeited, possibly given to a royal favourite, Robert Cochrane.

1488 sometime this year. After the defeat and murder of James III in 1488 A.D., Coldingham Priory, Berwickshire, Scotland was re-instated but only as a shadow of its former presence.

Coldingham Priory Feature Page on Undiscovered Scotland

www.undiscoveredscotland.co.uk

1553 – Lady Jane Grey takes the throne of England. Henry 8^th‘s Tudor 1547 will excluded the descendants of Henry’s elder sister Margaret Stewart (nee Tudor, Douglas), to keep the English throne out of the hands of the Scots, and in part to a previous Act of Parliament of 1431 that barred foreign-born persons, including royalty, from inheriting property in England. This lasted half a century, until James 6^{th and} 1^st Stewart, William 3^{rd and} 2^nd Stewart of Orange, George 1^st, George 2^nd Augustus, all sovereigns foreign born. Lady Jane Dudley or The Nine Days’ Queen, was an English noblewoman and de facto monarch of England from 10 July until 19 July 1553. Edward VI, King of England, 15-year-old King lay dying in June 1553, he nominated Jane as successor to the Crown in his will, thus subverting the claims of his half-sisters Mary and Elizabeth under the Third Succession Act.

print of 1620 from earlier painting Jana GRAYA.

1560 Edinburgh parliament. [Reformation adopted by Scots.] The lesser barons, previously not sitting in the conventions of estates, attended and supported the reformers, and watched the debate on religion.   The weight fell to the party of the Congregation, so the Confession of Faith, and book of Discipline of the reformed church was submitted to parliament. The Confession was adopted, as a summary of Christian doctrine and the Word of God. The Confession was drafted by Knox and brethren. An act adopted to abolish the power and jurisdiction of the pope. The second act repealed all statutes passed in favour of the Romish church. The third act punished those to say or hear mass. Tytler’s Britannica 155.

1576 First Bible (New Testament) printed in Scotland by Bassandyne.

1589 Greenside Edinburgh built 1589, leper spital at Gallow-gate of Aberdeen on the road still bears the name Spital. Similar Perth, Stirling, Linlithgow, Perth, Stirling, Linlithgow.

A History of Epidemics in Britain from A.D. 664 to the Extinction of Plague Charles Creighton, M.A. M.D. Demonstrator of Anatomy University of Cambridge. 1891

1623 Robert Blair (1593-1666) gone over to Ireland, was called to Bangor, County Down and ordained by Robert Echlin, the Bishop of Down, on 10 July 1623. he was suspended in the autumn of 1631, and deposed in 1632 for nonconformity; Echlin had turned a blind eye in the 1620s to Presbyterian clergy in his diocese, but Blair (on his own account) didn’t react to hints by Theophilus Buckworth, Bishop of Dromore, and was then interviewed by James Ussher, who tried to persuade him with arguments current from John Sprint. By the intervention of the king, Charles I, Blair was restored in May 1634; but later reversed, by John Bramhall, Bishop of Derry, the same year. Excommunicated and ejected, Blair, along with others, fitted out a ship, intending to go to New England in 1635. But the weather proved so bad that they were beaten back, and, returned to Scotland. In 1640 he accompanied the Scottish army into England on its march. He assisted in the negotiations for the treaty of peace presented by Charles I, 8 November 1641. After the Irish Rebellion of 1641 he once more went to Ireland.

1645 Battle of Langport

1691 sometime in July. – Insurgent Highland chiefs, Mac Inn of Glenco, met with the Earl of Breadalbane, at Auchallader, in the month of July 1691, for the purpose of arranging an armistice under King William’s indemnity. (TG58-5). Sir Walter Scott’s history.

1789 – Alexander Mackenzie reaches the Mackenzie River delta, Canada, flowing into the Beaufort Sea of the Arctic Ocean.

1801 The Battle of Algeciras.         Bay of Gibraltar. Lord Cochrane, continues.

The battle of Algeciras, Alfred Morel-Fatio. Linois passed Gibraltar on 3 July and during the night discovered the 14-gun brig HMS Speedy a short distance ahead. Linois’s squadron had captured a number of merchant vessels during their voyage but this was their first warship, and although it was no match for size, Speedy was an infamous vessel under the command of Captain Lord Cochrane. Lord Cochrane had spent 1800 raiding the Spanish coast with great success, taking or destroying more than 50 ships including the celebrated Action of 6 May 1801 in which Cochrane had attacked and captured the far larger Spanish privateer frigate Gamo off Barcelona. Lord Cochrane’s initial belief that the strange ships were Spanish treasure vessels caused him to bring Speedy closer to the ships and by the time he realised his error escape was impossible. Rather than surrender however, Cochrane threw all of his guns and excessive weight overboard and manoeuvered his ship to avoid coming into range of the French broadsides. He then attempted to cut directly between the approaching Formidable and Desaix, the small target avoiding the concentrated fire of the French ships and pulling into open water. At this, Commodore Jean-Anne Christy-Pallière on Desaix swung his ship about and pursued, several shots damaging Speedy‘s sails and rigging. As Speedy slowed, Desaix overtook the small brig and fired a full broadside at close range. This was fired as the French ship was on the uproll and therefore missed the deck entirely and failed to cause a single casualty. It did however tear away the remaining rigging and sails, leaving Speedy unmanageable. Rather than suffer another broadside, Cochrane surrendered his ship and was taken aboard Desaix, where Christy-Pallière acknowledged his brave defence by refusing to accept Cochrane’s surrendered sword with the words “I will not accept the sword of an officer who has for so many hours struggled against impossibility”. From Cochrane, Linois learned of Saumarez’s presence ahead of him and, knowing that his presence would have been reported by the garrison at Gibraltar, his squadron returned eastwards around Cabrita Point and came to anchor at Algeciras, a fortified Spanish port which lay directly opposite and within sight of Gibraltar across Algeciras Bay on the 4 July. Following a brief correspondence between Linois and the British admiral, the captured British officers, including Ferris and Cochrane, were sent to Gibraltar, later joined by the wounded British sailors captured on Hannibal. Wikipedia.

1828 Joseph Smith the Prophet at Harmony, Butler, Pennsylvania. (Clans Huntley, Hamilton, Mackenzie, Mack of Inverness, Malcolm King of Scots). Doctrine and Covenants 3. Sometime in July. ‘The works, and the designs, and the purposes of God cannot be frustrated, neither can they come to naught. For God doth not walk in crooked paths, neither doth he turn to the right hand nor to the left, neither doth he vary from that which he hath said, therefore his paths are straight, and his course is one eternal round.’

1832 – U.S. President Andrew Jackson vetoes a bill that would re-charter the Second Bank of the United States. Jackson was born on March 15, 1767. His parents were Scots colonists Andrew and Elizabeth Hutchinson Jackson, Presbyterians.

1850 – Millard Fillmore is inaugurated as the 13^th President of the United States upon the death of President Zachary Taylor, 16 months into his term. Fillmore’s paternal ancestors were Scots.

Hutchinson family. Harry Tate (1872-1940) Near here stood Camden House, once home of Harry Tate from 1920-31. Born Ronald Hutchinson in Scotland in 1872, he adopted ‘Tate’ as a stage name. He became a music hall star successful in revue and silent films and was one of the first entertainers to broadcast.

picasaweb.google.com

1890 Wyoming statehood 50^th anniversary 1940 July 10.

Westbound traffic became important to what is now Wyoming after John C. Fremont led an expedition across the area in 1842. Many mountain men found work as guides and providing supplies on newly developing trails to the West. The principal trail, which followed the Platte and Sweetwater Rivers, crossed the Continental Divide at South Pass. This was known first as the Oregon Trail. After Brigham Young led the Mormon migration through Wyoming into Utah in 1847, it became known as Mormon Trail. The California Trail was used by the Pony Express and stagecoach lines until the Overland Trail opened to the south. Ohio congressman John M. Ashley proposed both the name “Wyoming” and territoriality. Wyoming was created out of Oregon, Dakota, Utah, and Idaho territories.

The Union Pacific Railroad led to permanent settlements in 1867-1869.

Cattle ranching grew as a business, in spite of the severe winter of 1887-1888. Range wars between cattlemen and sheep men and increased cattle rustling led to reprisals such as the Johnson County War of 1892. Although few farmers settled in Wyoming under the Homestead Act of 1862, ranchers and cowboys filed claims to land and began fencing the better ranges and waterholes. In 1890, after 22 years as a territory, Wyoming became a state.

www.usstampgallery.com

Scottish place names – Burns, Campbell County, Douglas, McKinnon

1940 The Battle of Britain begins. German bombers and fighters pounced on a British ship convoy off the coast of Kent, near the Strait of Dover. Spitfires [with Browning Machine Guns] scrambled and shot down some of the Germans. By afternoon, more than 100 aircraft had been drawn into the action. The Luftwaffe lost 13, the RAF six. Britain had cracked the high-level German “Enigma” code and made good use of the intelligence product, called “Ultra,” derived from intercepts. The Germans had radar before the British did but never used it to full advantage, nor did Germany understand how pervasively the British had integrated it for air defense and command and control. The Battle of Britain unfolded gradually, beginning with German attacks in July on shipping in the English Channel, intended mainly as bait to lure the RAF fighters. Air Chief Marshal Hugh Dowding was reluctant to respond to the provocation with his scarce fighter resources, but Prime Minister Churchill (clan Montgomery) was not about to concede the Channel to the enemy. Fighter Command, under the “Dowding System,” formed a strong defensive screen, supported by radar stations along the coast that could detect German aircraft as soon as the Luftwaffe took off from bases on the continent. Information from the radar sites fed into Dowding’s command and control nerve center at Bentley Priory on the outskirts of London. From there, fighter squadrons could be scrambled and directed with great economy of force. [Force Extender]. Similar to Elisha warning the King of Israel (English) as to the place of the King of Syria (Germans) in 2 Kings 6 verses 8 to 12.

http://airforcemag.com/MagazineArchive/Pages/2015/July%202015/Their-Finest-Hour.aspx

Map Key. Area of England which can be reached by enemy fighters. Principal continental coastal aerodromes. Eire – Cork Waterford, Dublin, Galway, Belfast. Wales – Pembridge Swansea. Cornwall – Devon, Plymouth, Dorset, Somerset. Scilly islands, Guernsey. England 0 Southampton, Sussex, Kent, London, Essex, Harwich, Suffolk, Norfolk, Birmingham, Lincoln, Liverpool, Tynemouth. Scotland – Glasgow, Edinburgh, Aberdeen, Orney Islands. Norway, Stavanger. Denmark Esbjerg. Germany, Bremerhaven, Bremen, Emden, Groningen. Netherlands Rotterdam, Belgium – Antwerp, Brussels. France – Dunkirk, St Omber, Calais, Le Touquet, Abbeville, Pox, Dieppe, Rouem, Paris, Strepagny, Flers, Lessay, Cherbourg, Avranches, Dinard, Brest.

Brest to cork 320 M. Brest to Plymouth 160 miles Cherbourg to Southampton 83 miles Dieppe to Sussex 47 miles Aberdeen – Stovenger 325 m. Leith to Kristalsand 401 miles Tynemouth to Esbjerg 400 miles. Mull to Hamburg 306 miles. Newcastle to Hamburg 423 miles

www.Ww2.odu.edu/~jkoch/hist396. James V. Koch.

1958 Thomas Miller McClintock II (born July 10, 1956) is the U.S. Representative for California’s 4th congressional district,

1989 Glasgow Rangers signed Maurice Johnston, 1^st Roman Catholic player, for the club. www.bbc.co.uk/scotland/history/onthisday/july/10

1989 Mel Blanc died. His last production was Bugs Bunny’s Wild World of Sports. Looney tunes. Wikipedia. At the “Sportsman of the Year” awards banquet, the announcer introduces him as, “That great Scottish golfer, Angus MacRory.” Angus corrects the pronunciation of his name, and adds that it’s spelled, “With fourteen r’s.” 

With clips from My Bunny Lies Over the Sea, which features Scottish folk song My bonnie Lies over the Ocean. Wikipedia- Obscure origin may be Charles Edward Stuart (‘Bonnie Prince Charlie’)  after the defeat of the Prince at the Battle of Culloden in 1746 and his subsequent exile. My Bonnie lies over the ocean
My Bonnie lies over the sea
My Bonnie lies over the ocean
Oh, bring back my Bonnie to me…
Bring back, bring back
Oh, bring back my Bonnie to me, to me

2012  Donald Trump opens Scottish course. The Pied Piper – Trump played up to his Scottish roots, entertaining those in attendance with complimentary shortbread, and a spot of traditional music. Aberdeen. http://i2.cdn.turner.com/cnnnext/dam/assets/120710044841-the-pied-piper-horizontal-large-gallery.jpg

Great Grandson of Alexander MacLeod, a crofter and fisherman, was born 10 May 1830 in Stornoway, Ross, Scotland.

Trump opens Scottish course Making the cut – Trump (second from the right) cuts the ribbon at the grand opening of the Trump International Golf Links. Aberdeen. Great Grandson of Alexander MacLeod, a crofter and fisherman, was born 10 May 1830 in Stornoway, Ross, Scotland.

2014 59^th Annual Grandfather Mountain Highland Games & Gathering of Scottish Clans Linville North Carolina

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