August 3 503 Fergus held throne of Scotland Sometime this year. Three Irish chiefs, Loarn, Fergus, and Angus, sons of Eric, King of Dalriada, of Ulster Ireland, led a colony into British Epidii, and settle in Kentire. Tytler’s Britannica 7-8.

1291 Wars of Scottish Independence. Edward I (also a descendant of Malcolm and Duncan Kings of Scots) asked Balliol and Robert de Brus, 5th Lord of Annandale to choose 40 arbiters each, while Edward chose 24, to decide the crown of Scotland.

Balliol becomes king – 1292. John Balliol is selected as King of Scots by Edward I of England.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/scotland/history/scotland_united/balliol_becomes_king/

1305 William Wallace was captured on August 3, 1305 by Sir John de Menteith in Glasgow. {Menteith was a son-in-law to Gartnait, Earl of Mar and Christina Bruce.}

  • Brus or Bruce 1050 2Stewart2Kennedy 2Montgomery2Blair 2Cochrane2Miller 2Simmons2Choate zoe ToaG

Wallace is betrayed and captured – 1305. Betrayed John de Mentieth, Wallace is handed over to the English before being transported to London to stand trial for his ‘crimes’. Video: A history of Scotland: Bishop Makes King.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/scotland/history/wars_of_independence/wallace_is_betrayed_and_captured/

1322 Edward II King of England triumphed over the earls of Lancaster and Hereford, and while preparing to invade Scotland, Bruce and the Scots invaded England. Edward invaded with an army of a hundred thousand August 1322. Bruce removed the cattle and valuables to the mountains. A scorched earth defense against the English who reached Edinburgh without opposition, but suffering from famine. The English retreated back to Northumberland, and indulged, with 16,000 cut by dysentery, and immense numbers had their constitutions ruined for life. Tytler’s Britannica.

‘Repent, repent ye, Hear the words of that God who made you, by the voice of famine.’ Jesus Christ in Doctrine and Covenants section 43.

1327 Battle of Stanhope Park, The Scots under James Douglas led a raid into Weardale, and Roger Mortimer, accompanied by the newly crowned Edward III on his first campaign, led an army to drive them back. First War of Scottish Independence.

  • Douglas Earl of 1380 2Stewart 2Ruthven 2Kinchin 2Jared 2Simmons 2Choate – D 2Montgomberie 2Blair 2Cochrane 2Miller 2Simmons 2Choate – D 2Hamilton 2Stewart 2Miller 2Simmons 2Choate – D 2Carlyle 2Semple 2Montgomery 2Cochrane 2Miller 2Simmons 2Choate

1328 River Wear, the Scots camp is deserted and empty, while the English army with Edward 2nd camps or sleeps. Tytler’s Britannica (Where are the scouts and guards for the English? Hello, doesn’t anybody plan ahead? Apparently not.)

1460 – siege of Roxburgh James III reign begins. James II dies at Roxburgh Castle. Sir Walter Scott described this – A siege that took place during the Anglo-Scottish Wars. James II of Scotland had started a campaign to capture back all Scotland’s castles from England, for the English were presently involved in there own civil war (later styled War of the Roses). Roxburgh Castle was one of the last remaining English strongholds in Scotland and James 2nd led a large army and several cannons to take it Victory was near when one of the King’s cannons exploded and killed James 2nd . With this purpose he [James 2nd ] established a battery of such large clumsy cannon as were constructed at that time, upon the north side of the river Tweed. The siege had lasted some time, and the army began to be weary of the undertaking, when they received new spirit from the arrival of the Earl of Huntly with a gallant body of fresh troops. The King, James 2nd, out of joy at these succours, commanded his artillery to fire a volley upon the castle, and stood near the cannon himself, to mark the effect of the shot. The great guns of that period were awkwardly framed out of bars of iron, fastened together by hoops of the same metal, somewhat in the same manner in which barrels are now made. They were, therefore, far more liable to accidents than [TG21-306, Tales of a Grandfather, chap. 21, p. 306] modern cannon [circa 1830], which are cast in one entire solid piece, and then bored hollow by a machine. One of these ill-made guns burst in going off. A fragment of iron broke James’s 2nd thigh-bone, and killed him on the spot. Another splinter wounded the Earl of Angus. No other person sustained injury, though many stood around. Thus died James the Second of Scotland, in the twenty ninth year of his life, after reigning twenty-four years (3 Aug. 1460). A thorn-tree, in the Duke of Roxburghe’s park at Fleurs, still shows the spot where he died. James 2nd army nonetheless took the castle. James’ 2nd Dowager Queen Mary of Guelders (Regent) ordered the castle destroyed shortly after its capture. John Somerville, 3rd Lord Somerville (married to Helen Hepburn) present at siege. Anglo-Scottish Wars. Through Lord Abernethy, this honour of crowning new Kings of Scots was regarded as passing to the Douglas Earls of Angus, notably at the coronation of James III in 1460 when George Douglas, 4th Earl of Angus proclaimed “There! Now that I have set it upon your Grace’s head, let me see who will be so bold as to move it.”

  • Douglas 1036 2Stewart 2Ruthven 2Kinchin 2Jared 2Simmons 2Choate – D 2Montgomberie 2Blair 2Cochrane 2Miller 2Simmons 2Choate – D 2Hamilton 2Stewart 2Miller 2Simmons 2Choate – D 2Carlyle 2Semple 2Montgomery 2Cochrane 2Miller 2Simmons 2Choate

James II killed at Roxburgh – 1460. On 3rd August James was laying siege to the English-held Roxburgh Castle. A canon used in the siege exploded and James was killed. His son James III succeeded as king. Video: A history of Scotland: Language is Power.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/scotland/history/the_stewarts/james_ii_killed_at_roxburgh/

The ruins of the Castle Roxburgh are south of KELSO, on the River Tweed.

1503 Margaret Stewart (nee Tudor) spends night at ‘Acquik’ or ‘Dacquik’ Castle, meets James IV.

1557 Anne of Cleves, the King’s Beloved Sister, Henry VIII of England died at Chelsea Old Manor on 16 July 1557, a few weeks before her forty-second birthday. The cause of her death was most likely to have been cancer. She was buried in Westminster Abbey, on 3 August, in what has been described as a “somewhat hard to find tomb” – on the opposite side of Edward the Confessor’s shrine and slightly above eye level for a person of average height. She is the only wife of Henry VIII to be buried in the Abbey.

1573 Sir William Kirkcaldy of Grange executed, after defending Edinburgh Castle on behalf of Mary Queen of Scots from May 1568 to May 1573. Sir William Kirkcaldy of Grange and John Knox gave a list of members of the Congregation who expelled the troops of Mary of Guise from Perth in June 1559 and moved on Edinburgh. Katherine Ruthven page

Katherine Ruthven page http://thepeerage.com/p3049.htm

Sir William Kirkcaldy of Grange (c. 1520 – 3 August 1573), Scottish politician and general, was the eldest son of Sir James Kirkcaldy of Grange (d. 1556), a member of an old Fife family. William’s father, James Kirkcaldy was lord high treasurer of Scotland from 1537 to 1543 and was a determined opponent of Cardinal Beaton. As a Protestant he was one of the leaders of the lords of the congregation in their struggle with the Regent of Scotland, Mary of Guise, and he assisted to harass the French troops in Fife.

Sir William Kirkcaldy of Grange By Jean Clouet

Grange is a civil parish in Banffshire. Along with Glen Avon, Ben Avon, Tomintouir, Glen Livet, Inveravon, Dufftown, River Spey, Portsoy, Cullen, Rothienay, Aberchirder, Macduff, Banff, River Spey.

1600 Edinburgh. James Melville, who witnessed the scene of Anne of Denmark in the castle, 5 months pregnant, wrote in his diary: “Foremost among those refraining to believe in the guilt of the two brothers (John and William Ruthven) was the Queen herself. [Anne] remained in her apartment and refused to be dressed for two days … Although the King [James] receiving full information of his wife’s conduct and of the consequences to be drawn from it, he could not be persuaded to take up the matter right, but sought by all means to cover his folly.” Williams, 63. Williams, Ethel Carleton (1970). Anne of Denmark. London: Longman. ISBN 0-582-12783-1.

Anne of Denmark.

1692 Battle of Steenkerque in 1692 during the Nine Years War. It resulted in the victory of the French under Marshal François-Henri de Montmorency, duc de Luxembourg against a joint English -Scottish  –Dutch –German army under Prince William of Orange. A “steinkirk” (also Steinquerque, Stinquerque in the mémoirs of Abbé de Choisy) was a lace cravat loosely or negligently worn, with long lace ends. According to Voltaire (l’Âge de Louis XIV), it was in fashion after the Battle of Steenkerque, where the French gentlemen had to fight with disarranged cravats on account of the surprise sprung by the Allies. Colley_Cibber’s play The_Careless_Husband (1704) had a famous Steinkirk Scene. Sir Robert Douglas, 3rd Baronet, commanded the Scots royals and fell leaving no male issue. Anderson Scot’s History v.2/p.49. History of the Scots Guards (1642–1804)

1798 Battle of the Nile: “England knows Lady Hamilton is a virgin. Poke my eye out and cut off my arm if I’m wrong”.

Rear-Admiral Sir Horatio Nelson, Lemuel Francis Abbott, 1800, National Maritime Museum. Visible on his cocked hat is the aigrette presented by the Ottoman Sultan in reward for the victory at the Nile.

1813 Dr. Nathan Smith, founder of Dartmouth’s Medical School, is on his way to New Haven Connecticut, down the Connecticut river, to begin Yale’s Medical School. On the trip, a typhus epidemic breaks out across the Connecticut River from New Hampshire. One Vermont resident, is 7 year old Joseph Smith Junior, whose leg is deeply infected to the bone. Joseph’s mother, Lucy Mack (clan Mack of Inverness) pleads to save the leg from amputation, and save her son’s life. Dr. Nathan Smith does both in a novel surgical procedure to scrape out the infected bone tissue, four decades before Pasteur demonstrates the microbiology theory of infection. In 2013, the bicentennial of the surgery, the Joseph Smith Sr. Family Association sponsors a race in Utah to raise money for a scholarship.

Nathan Smith was born in Rehoboth, Massachusetts. He first began work as a surgeon in Chester, Vermont at age 21. He later went to the Harvard College, MB 1790, MD 1811. 1803 Smith went to the University of Edinburgh where he attended medical classes for a year.   Smith was the Dartmouth Medical School faculty, teaching anatomy, chemistry, surgery and clinical medicine. For centuries, physicians bled patients, at every opportunity, with leeches, or heated suction cups, and encouraged purging (vomiting). Smith did neither, relying on cleaning (scraping) infection out of wounds and allowing air (oxygen) to heal wounds.

Scotland Royal Arms.

Yale School of Medicine   Edinburgh

Note the Cross of Saint Andrew in the Royal Scots, Yale and Edinburgh arms, and the lion rampant in the Royal Scots and Harvard arms. Such has been the influence of the Scots in medicine.

 

 

 

 

 Harvard and Lion Rampant Royal Scots.

1851 sometime. In 1851, Gibson led a group of British Saints to Zion aboard the ship George W. Bourne. According to the Diary of Jean Rio Baker Griffiths, typescript, 1851, At a volatile moment as fellow miners were about to mob William Gibson because they perceived him disloyal to their homeland for announcing his plans to emigrate, Gibson defused the situation by declaring that he was not leaving Scotland because he was disloyal, but rather out of necessity, due to the prevalent poverty of Scotland. He asked the striking miners assembled at Oakley, Fifeshire, “Can ye blame us for wishing to leave such a state of things & go to a land where we can have a part of the soil we can call our own & work for it for ourselves & own no master but our God.” This penetrating question apparently resonated in the hearts of the crowd, and instead of inflicting violence as intended, they lifted Gibson to their shoulders and hailed him through the town in a congratulatory procession. HISTORY SCOTLAND – MAGAZINE

Oakley is 5 miles west of Dunfermline, on this 1900 rail map, and other towns in fife on the rail line, E. Grange, Bogside, Forest Mills, Halbeath, Crossgates, Cowdenbth Lochgelly, Burntisland, KingHorn, Kirkcaldy, Sinclair town, Dysart, but south along the coast is the Firth of Forth.

1867 (clan MacDonald) Stanley Baldwin, 1st Earl Baldwin of Bewdley, Viscount Corvedale, KG, PC, FRS (3 August 1867 – 14 December 1947) was a British Conservative politician, who dominated the government in his country between the two world wars. He was born at Lower Park House, Lower Park, Bewdley in Worcestershire, England to Alfred Baldwin and Louisa Baldwin (née MacDonald) and through his Scottish mother was a first cousin of the writer and poet Rudyard Kipling.

Baldwin photographed by the American press on board a ship, with his wife and daughter. Baldwin was a member of the Oddfellows and Forester’s Friendly Society

 

1990 DuckTales the Movie: Treasure of the Lost Lamp (released) is based on the animated children’s television series DuckTales (fictional clan McDuck).

Original theatrical poster parodying Indiana Jones (a fictional Scot’s professor adventurer and hero). The film Raiders of the Lost Ark used the original Carl Barks comic book series as part of the inspiration for the former (such as the scene when Jones being chased by a boulder which was inspired by “The Seven Cities of Cibola,” an Uncle Scrooge comic book issue. The idea for the idol mechanism in the opening scene in Raiders, and deadly traps later in the film were inspired by several Uncle Scrooge comics.)

1954 The seven cities of Cibola.

1971 Joseph Fielding Smith, 10th President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints. Descended from Mack of Inverness (clan Mack), Scotland and Malcolm King of Scots. Jessie Evans Smith dies.

2001 Pyaar Ishq Aur Mohabbat English: Love, Amour and Romance. A brilliant medical student and her idealism wants to lead her to Scotland for advance research.

poster

 

2014 Pittenweem Arts Festival 3 – 11 August

Celebration of visual arts – taking place in galleries, homes, studios and public venues throughout Pittenweem.