August 19 1388 Battle of Otterburn (TG16-238) [Northumberland, England] Sir Henry Percy, with a body of men superior in number to that of Douglas, who drew men from camp, and changed the position. Hotspur marched through the deserted camp, finding stragglers. James Douglas, 2nd Earl of Douglas shouting his war-cry of “Douglas!” rushed forward, clearing his way with the blows of his battle-axe, and breaking into the very thickest of the enemy. He fell, at length, under three mortal wounds. (TG16-239). “How fares it, cousin?” said Sinclair, the first Scottish knight who came up to the expiring leader. “Indifferently,” answered Douglas; “but blessed be God, my ancestors have died in fields of battle, not on down-beds. I sink fast; but let them still cry my war-cry, and conceal my death from my followers. There was a tradition in our family that a dead Douglas should win a field, and I trust it will be this day accomplished.” Henry and Ralph Percy, both of whom were made prisoners, fighting most gallantly, and almost no man of note amongst the English escaped death or captivity.

Otter Burn is a river flowing into the River Rede, within the Cheviot Hills 16 miles south of the Scottish border. The site of Otterburn has the crossed swords.

Pennon of James Douglas, Earl of Douglas.

Douglas 1036 2Stewart 2Ruthven 2Kinchin 2Jared 2Simmons 2Choate – D 2Montgomberie 2Blair 2Cochrane 2Miller 2Simmons 2Choate – D 2Hamilton 2Stewart 2Miller 2Simmons 2Choate – D 2Carlyle 2Semple 2Montgomery 2Cochrane 2Miller 2Simmons 2Choate

Hence a Scottish poet has said of the name of Douglas,

“Hosts have been known at the dread sound to yield,

And, Douglas dead, his name hath won the field.”

Captured Pennon of Hotspur

Despite Percy’s force having an estimated three to one advantage over the Scots, Froissart records 1040 English were captured and 1860 killed whereas 200 Scots were captured and 100 were killed. The Westminister Chronicle gives a more reliable estimate of Scottish casualties as being around 500 or so.

Sir Henry Percy Henry “Hotspur” Percy became the prisoner of Sir Hugh Montgomery, who obliged Hotspur for ransom to build a castle for Hugh at Penoon in Ayrshire. Henry Percy is the ancestor of Kate Middleton Wales (Duchess of Cambridge from 2011) and Jane Austin (19th century author).

Battle of Otterburn. The battle of Otterburn as narrated by Jean Froissart, forms the basis of the English and Scottish ballads The Ballad of Chevy Chase and The Battle of Otterburn. Chevy Chase is now a neighborhood in Bethesda Maryland, and an actor.

1452 Sometime in August. – James Hamilton, 1st Lord Hamilton (c. 1415–1479) following the King’s ravaging of Douglasdale and Hamilton’s lands in Clydesdale. A concord was reached between the King and the Douglas faction at Douglas Castle, in August 1452 that was to last until 1455.

Douglas 1036 2Stewart 2Ruthven 2Kinchin 2Jared 2Simmons 2Choate – D 2Montgomberie 2Blair 2Cochrane 2Miller 2Simmons 2Choate – D 2Hamilton 2Stewart 2Miller 2Simmons 2Choate – D 2Carlyle 2Semple 2Montgomery 2Cochrane 2Miller 2Simmons 2Choate

Hamilton estates between Edinburgh and the River Clyde, Clydesdale, 16th and 17th centuries.

1548 – Mary Queen of Scots passed the English fleet under cover of a

mist, and arrived at Leith. (TG30-88).

Mary is sent to France – 1548. With the country under attack from England, the Scots nobles agree to marry Mary to Francois, son of Henry II of France. Mary is sent to France for her safety. In 1558 she marries Francois and becomes Queen of France as well as Scotland. Video: A history of Scotland: Project Britain.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/scotland/history/the_reformation/mary_is_sent_to_france/

1549 – The Complaynt of Scotland, one of the first printed books from Scotland includes several ballads composed in honour of The Battle of Otterburn of 1388, called The Ballad of Chevy Chase. There are two extant English ballads known as The Ballad of Chevy Chase, both of which narrate the same story. As ballads existed within oral tradition before being written down, other versions of this once popular song may also have existed. The ballads tell the story of a large hunting party upon a parcel of hunting land (or chase) in the Cheviot Hills, hence the term, Chevy Chase. The hunt is led by Percy, the English Earl of Northumberland. The Scottish Earl of Douglas had forbidden this hunt, and interprets it as an invasion of Scotland.

Douglas 1036 2Stewart 2Ruthven 2Kinchin 2Jared 2Simmons 2Choate – D 2Montgomberie 2Blair 2Cochrane 2Miller 2Simmons 2Choate – D 2Hamilton 2Stewart 2Miller 2Simmons 2Choate – D 2Carlyle 2Semple 2Montgomery 2Cochrane 2Miller 2Simmons 2Choate

In response, he attacks, causing a bloody battle which only 110 people survived. Both ballads were collected in Thomas Percy’s Reliques and the first of the ballads in Francis James Child’s Child Ballads.

The first ballad includes the lines

This was the hontynge off the Cheviat,
that tear begane this spurn;

Old men that knowen the grownde well yenoughe
call it the battell of Otterburn.

1560 James Crichton of Clunie (Perthshire; although some sources maintain his birthplace was Dumfries), known as the Admirable Crichton (19 August 1560 – 3 July 1582),was the son of Robert Crichton, Lord Advocate of Scotland, and Elizabeth Stewart, from whose line James could claim Royal descent. Educated at St. Andrews College from the ages of ten to fourteen, during which time he completed requirements for both his bachelor’s and master’s degrees, James was taught by the celebrated Scottish politician and poet George Buchanan (1506–1582). It was apparent from his earliest days that James was an unusually gifted prodigy, which may have been due to a gift for perfect recall. By the age of twenty, he was not only fluent in, but could discourse in (both prose and verse) no fewer than twelve languages, Hebrew, Syriac, Arabic, Greek, Latin, Spanish, French, Italian, English, Dutch, or Slavonic. as well as being an accomplished horseman, fencer, singer, musician, orator and debater.

The Admirable Crichton, as depicted in English Travellers of the Renaissance, a 1914 publication by Clare Howard

Crichton of Brunstone 1100 2Gordon2Kennedy 2Stewart2Miller 2Simmons2Choate

1561 Leith. cannons were fired to announce Queen Mary’s (Stewart), 18 years old, arrival in Scotland. She is dowager Queen of France, and has been gone from Scotland for 13 years, and active Roman Catholic. Leith is the port for Edinburgh. Tytler’s Britannica.

Mary returns to rule Scotland – 1561. Mary returns to rule Scotland.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/scotland/history/the_reformation/mary_returns_to_rule_scotland/

Leith is the port for Edinburgh, about 5 miles north.

1565 Knox revealed his own objection while preaching in the presence of the new king consort on 19 August 1565. He made passing allusions on ungodly rulers which caused Darnley to walk out. Knox was summoned and prohibited from preaching while the court was in Edinburgh. Bas-relief of John Knox preaching at St Giles in Edinburgh before the court of Mary Stuart. From left to right: James Stewart (Moray), James Hamilton (Châtellerault), Lord Darnley, Matthew Stewart (Lennox), William Maitland (Lethington), William Kirkcaldy (Grange), James Douglas (Morton), John Knox, and George Buchanan. Wikipedia.

Douglas 1036 2Stewart 2Ruthven 2Kinchin 2Jared 2Simmons 2Choate – D 2Montgomberie 2Blair 2Cochrane 2Miller 2Simmons 2Choate – D 2Hamilton 2Stewart 2Miller 2Simmons 2Choate – D 2Carlyle 2Semple 2Montgomery 2Cochrane 2Miller 2Simmons 2Choate

1646 Royalist garrison of Raglan Castle surrendered (Wales).

1646 – Alexander Henderson, died, Scottish theologia

1648 – Battle of Preston (1648) for the battle of the Second English Civil War. Cromwell’s victory with Parliamentarian army over Scots under the Duke of Hamilton.

Andrew Stewart (a.k.a. Andrew Steward) ES. (c. 1245), third son of Alexander Stewart. Married the daughter of James Bethe. Father of Sir Alexander ‘the fierce’ Steward and direct ancestor of Oliver Cromwell. Great uncle of King Robert II. Wikipedia.

1745 – Lochliel pledge to Chevalier allowed messengers were despatched in every direction to summon such clans as were judged friendly, announcing that the royal standard was to be erected at Glenfinnan on the 19th of August 1715, and requiring them to attend on it with their followers in arms.

Glenfinnan.

Glenfinnan is at the north end of Loch Shiel, or about the location of the letter ‘n’ in Macdonald of Clanranald.

1745 – Charles moved from the House of Glenaladale, which had been his last residence, to be present at the raising of his standard at the place of rendezvous in Glenfinnan. (TG76-86)

1745 August 19 PRINCE CHARLES EDWARD STUART went by boat to Glenfinnan at the head was met by Morarwith 150 of Clanranald’s cJan (L.P. 484). The Stewart standard was raised by the Duke of Atholl (I. 207, etc.), Captain Switenham, the prisoner, looking on (J.M.B.). In the afternoon the Priuce was jOined by Lochiel with 700 Camerons, and later by Keppoch with 800 MacDonalds (L. P. 484, etc.). The Prince spent the night On Aug. 19th Cope ~ Edinburgh for Stirling.;

 

1745 – Sir John Cope, the commander-in-chief, [TG76-91] of 2 regiments of dragoons, marched on Stirling, with fourteen hundred men; and, together with a train of artillery and a superfluity of baggage, he had with him a thousand stand of spare muskets, to arm such loyal clans as he expected to join him, then to Fort Augustus. Tytler’s Britannica 233. Fort Augustus is about 20 miles north east of Glenfinnan on the map above.

1781 The march to Yorktown led by Washington and Rochambeau began on August 19, and has become known as the celebrated march, 4,000 French and 3,000 American soldiers began the march in Newport, Rhode Island, while the rest remained behind to protect the Hudson Valley. Washington wanted to keep absolute secrecy as to where they were headed. Washington sent out fake dispatches that reached Clinton, and convinced him that the Franco-American army was going to launch an attack on New York, and that Cornwallis was not in any danger.

1808 Designer and builder of the first steam hammer, James Nasmyth was born. http://www.scottishroots.com/index.php

1812 – War of 1812: American frigate USS Constitution captures the British frigate HMS Guerriere off the coast of Nova Scotia, Canada earning her nickname “Old Ironsides”. Still in service of the US Navy as of 2006, in Boston harbor. The U.S.S. Constitution is taken out under sail once a year.

1848 Moray Firth fishing disaster open hulled fishing fleet storm disaster, Scotland (19 August 1848)

1861 teenager Elizabeth Adamson and her brother Andrew of Kirkcaldy entertained other Scottish Saints aboard ship by dancing the Highland Fling in their colorful plaids. Several years before, her future husband, Thomas Leishman, had walked across the plains at age nine in company with his father and mother, John and Jean Leishman. The Leishmans, Adamsons, Nibleys, Jardines, and many other Scottish families gravitated to Wellsville—Utah’s “Scotch town,” in Cache County. But Scots could soon be found all over Utah and the neighboring states. By 1900, more than seven thousand Scottish Latter-day Saints had immigrated to the region

1944 Rhone France. U.S. seventh Army surprise invasion of Southern France. The Rhone river valley   became the site of the Rhone American Cemetery and Memorial in France.

American military cemetery Rhone France, with 861 souls, 40% with Scots ancestry. www.abmc.gov/cemeteries

2015 The Donald Trump (clan MacLeod, Tong, Lewis and Harris, Outer Hebrides, Scotland) Conversation: Murdoch, Ailes, NBC and the Rush of Being TV’s “Ratings Machine”.

Reagan Did it. I can too. Hollywood Reporter.  In a Fox News poll released Aug. 16, Trump had 25 percent of Republican voters’ support nationwide (more than double his nearest competitor, neurosurgeon Ben Carson, at 12 percent). Every word, every motion, every “Make America Great Again” hat, every insult draws headlines and viewers (“I’m a ratings machine!” he declares to me). He admires Ronald Reagan [Clan Wilson], and a bust of the late commander in chief in his office is a business award with Trump’s name on it. If the 40th president was “The Great Communicator,” Trump, who rose to prominence not as an actor but by playing himself on TV, is the 21st century version: The Great Entertainer. And right now, it is working.  I did Sean Hannity‘s show the other night — it’s the highest-rated show he’s ever had [2.2 million viewers, his highest at 10 p.m.]. And he has been such a gentleman to me. Bill O’Reilly has been so great. He’s a tough cookie, and he’s smart, but he’s been so fair. Ronald Reagan [Clan Wilson] was Hollywood’s first presidential candidate, and many initially thought he was a joke. Now you’re the first reality TV presidential candidate. Do you see parallels?  I hear it so often, the parallels, and if you’d have looked two months ago, three months ago, they were saying, “He’ll never run.” “He’s just having fun,” and “It’s just games,” and “It’s just good for his brand.” My brand!  You know, many women are pro-life. It’s actually a 50-50 number right down the middle. It’s actually 52, 53 percent in favor of pro-life.  Some people have hopes of passing amendments, but it’s not going to happen. Congress can’t pass simple things, let alone that.

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